TUKI ENGLISH-SWAHILI DICTIONARY
KAMUSI YA  KIINGEREZA-KISWAHILI

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H,h n herufi ya nane ya alfabeti ya Kiingereza. drop one's h's acha kutamka /h/ katika maneno k.m. kusema apana badala ya hapana. ha interj lo,ha (when repeated in print) (Ha! ha! Ha!) kicheko. habeas corpus n (Lat leg) (writ of)~ amri ya kumfikisha mfungwa kortini (hasa kuangalia uhalali wa kumfunga). haberdasher n mwuzaji nguo (na vikorokoro vyake). ~y n duka la nguo. habiliments n (liter or hum) mavazi. habit n 1 mwenendo, tabia. be in/fall into/get into the ~ of -wa na tabia ya. get somebody into the ~ of zoesha mtu tabia ya. fall/get out of the ~ of acha tabia ya. make a ~ of something zoea kufanya. 2 mazoea, desturi. creature of ~ mtu wa mazoea. do something out of~/from force of ~ fanya jambo kwa sababu ya mazoea/desturi. 3 (old use) hali (ya akili au mwili). 4 vazi la kitawa. riding ~ n vazi la mpanda farasi (koti na sketi). ~ual adj 1 -a mazoea, -a desturi, -a kawaida. 2 -zoefu, -liokubuhu ~ ual thief mwizi mzoefu. ~ually adv.~uate vt. ~uate somebody/ oneself to something (ji) zoeza. ~ude n (formal) desturi, mazoea. ~ue n mtu aliyezoea kwenda mahala fulani a ~ of Cosy Cafe mtu aliyezoea kwenda Cosy Cafe. ~able adj -a kukalika (na watu). ~at n (of plants, animals) mazingira, makazi ya asili; nyumbani. ~ation n 1 kukaa, kuishi houses fit for ~ation nyumba zinazofaa kukaliwa. 2 (liter) makazi; nyumba. hacienda n (in Latin American Countries) gunda (lenye nyumba). hack1 vt,vi ~ (at) katakata; tema. ~ing cough n kikohozi kikavu. ~saw n msumeno wa kukatia chuma. hack2 n 1 farasi wa kukodi. 2 mtu   hail (anayepewa kazi ya kuandika iliyo ngumu na inayochusha, au ambaye anaandika kazi hafifu). vt tembea barabarani na farasi. ~ work n kazi ya uandishi wa kutafuta pesa tu. hackles n manyoya ya shingoni mwa jogoo. have one's/get somebody's ~ up kasirika; kasirisha; -wa tayari kupigana. hackney n farasi wa kupandwa/ kukokota gari. ~ed adj (esp. of sayings) -liochusha (kwa sababu ya kutumika mno). had pp of have. haddock n chewa mdogo. Hades n (Gk myth) kuzimu. Hadj, Hajji n Al-Haji, Haji. haft n mpini. hag n mchawi; ajuza mwenye sura mbaya (hasa anayedhaniwa kuwa mchawi). ~-ridden adj anayeweweseka; anayesumbuliwa na mawazo. haggard adj (of a person, his face) -liotambarajika, -liosawajika. haggle vi ~ (with somebody) about/over something) bishana (hasa kwa ajili ya bei). hagiology n hagiolojia: maandiko yanayoeleza maisha na hadithi za watakatifu. haha n ua/ukuta mfupi bustanini. hail1 n 1 mvua ya mawe. ~-stone nkijiwe (cha mvua ya mawe). ~ storm n tufani ya mvua ya mawe. 2 (fig) wingi/mfululizo (wa matusi, ngumi n.k.). vt,vi 1 -nya mvua ya mawe. 2 ~ (something) down (on somebody) (of blows etc) angushia, piga, tolea kwa nguvu na haraka ~ curses on somebody tukana mtu sana, tolea matusi mfululizo. hail2 vt,vi 1 ita (na kusalimu, kusifia kukaribisha, n.k.) ~ a taxi ita teksi he was ~ed as a hero alisifiwa kama shujaa. 2 ~ from toka, tokea where does the ship ~ from? meli inatoka wapi? n salamu, wito. ~-Mary (rel) Salamu Maria. within ~ (esp of ship) karibu kiasi cha kuweza kusikia wito. be     hair   ~-fellow- well-met (with somebody) (sometimes derog) kunjufu (mno). hair n 1 nywele; usinga; (of beard) ndevu; (of hand and arm)(ma)laika; (pubic) (ma)vuzi; (of animals) singa, manyoya comb ~ chana nywele. get in somebody's ~ udhi/kera mtu. get somebody by the short ~s (sl) weka mtu mkononi. keep your ~ on (sl) poa, tulia; usipandwe na mori. let one's ~ down (of a woman) achia nywele zianguke mabegani; (fig) jiachia (baada ya kipindi cha kubanwabanwa). lose one's ~ pata upara; kasirika. make one's ~ curl (fig) shtua sana. make one's ~stand on end ogofya. put one's ~ up tengeneza nywele (kwa kuzifunga utosini). split ~s ona/ jifanya kuona/shughulikia/sisitiza tofauti ndogo sana (za maana n.k.). ~-splitting n kuona tofauti ndogo sana; mabishano ya bure. tear one's ~ onyesha huzuni kubwa. not turn a ~ -toonyesha kujali/wasiwasi to a ~ (of describing something) hasa, kabisa. 2 (compounds) ~ ('s) breadth n chupuchupu; umbali mdogo sana (baina ya) escape by a ~'s breadth nusurika, ponea chupuchupu. ~- brush n brashi ya nywele. ~-cloth n kitambaa chenye manyoya. ~-cut n kunyoa; (mtindo wa) kukata nywele. ~-do n. mtindo wa kutengeneza nywele. ~-dresser n mtengeneza nywele (k.m. msusi, kinyozi). ~-dye n rangi (ya kupaka) nywele. ~-line n maoteo ya nywele kwenye ngozi; (attrib) -embamba sana a ~line space nafasi nyembamba sana. ~-net n wavu wa kufungia nywele. ~-oil n mafuta ya nywele. ~-piece n kipande/kibandiko (cha nywele bandia), wigi. ~-pin n chupio (ya nywele). ~-pin bend n kona kali hasa kwenye mwinuko mkali. ~-raising adj -a kutisha, -a     half   kuogofya. ~-shirt n shati lililoshonwa kwa kitambaa cha manyoya. ~-slide n kibanio (cha nywele). ~-spring n kamani, utumbo wa saa. ~ style n mtindo wa nywele. ~stylist n msusi. ~-trigger n kifyatuo cha bunduki (kinachotoa risasi hata kwa kuguswa kidogo tu). ~less adj bila nywele; -enye upara. ~like adj. ~y adj -a kama nywele, -liojaa nywele. ~iness n. haj n hija: safari takatifu ya kuhiji Makka. hake n aina ya chewa. halal n nyama halali ~goat nyama halali ya mbuzi. halberd n mkukishoka. ~ier n askarianayetumia mkukishoka. halcyon adj -a heri ~ days siku za heri. hale adj (usu of old persons) (rare except in) ~ and hearty adj -enye nguvu na afya, -zima sana. half n nusu ~ of two is one nusu ya mbili ni moja cut in ~/into halves kata nusu kwa nusu. (do something) by halves (fanya jambo) ovyoovyo. go halves (with somebody) in something gawana nusu kwa nusu too clever etc. by ~ erevu mno n.k. one's better ~ (colloq) mke/mume (wa mtu) adj, adv nusu; kwa kiwango kikubwa ~-cooked bichi -sioiva sawasawa; ~-dead adj (colloq) -iliochoka kabisa, hoi. not ~-bad (sl) si mbaya, nzuri vya kutosha. not ~ sana, haswa he didn't ~ swear alitukana sana was she annoyed? Not ~ alikasirika? Sana! mno! (in compounds) ~ a dozen n sita. ~ and ~ n kitu kilichote ngenezwa kwa nusu mbili tofauti. ~-back n (in football/hockey) hafubeki. ~-baked adj (colloq) -jinga; -sio na uzoefu a ~-baked man mtu mjinga ~ baked ideas mawazo ya kijinga. ~-blood n ndugu waliochangia mzazi mmoja, ndugu     halibut   wa kambo. ~-breed/~caste n chotara. ~-brother n kaka wa kambo. ~-cock adj (of a gun) -liofunguliwa nusu. go off at ~-cock (fig) shindwa kufanya jambo kwa sababu ya haraka. ~-hardy adj (of plants) -nayohitaji kinga kutokana na jalidi. ~-hearted adj -a shingo upande. ~-heartedly adv. ~-holiday n nusu siku. ~ an hour; a ~-hour n nusu saa, dakika thelathini. ~-hourly adj, adv -a kila nusu saa. ~-length adj (of a portrait) nusu. at ~-mast (of a flag) nusu mlingoti. ~-pay n nusu mshahara he is placed on half-pay anapata nusu mshahara. -penny n nusu peni. ~ penny-worth; ~ ha'p'orth n -nayogharimu nusu peni. ~-price adv bei/kiingilio nusu. ~-seas-over pred adj (colloq) -liolewa kiasi. ~-sister n dada wa kambo. ~-size adj -a nusu umbo la kawaida. ~ term n mapumziko/ likizo (katikati ya muhula wa shule). ~- timbered adj -liojengwa kwa mbao na matofali/mawe n.k.. ~-time n (of work) ya nusu siku; (of sport) hafutaimu, mapumziko. ~-tone n. picha isiyo ya rangi (agh. katika kitabu). ~ track n gari la askari lenye magurudumu ya minyororo nyuma. ~-tracked adj; ~-truth n usemi wenye ukweli nusu. ~-way adj nusu njia, katikati; (incomplete) -sio kamili -a juujuu adv kwa kuafikiana meet a person ~-way -wa tayari kuafikiana. ~-witted adj -enye akili pungufu, -sio na busara. ~-wit n punguani. ~-yearly adj, adv. -a kutendeka/kutokea kila nusu mwaka, mara mbili kwa mwaka. halve vt gawa nusu kwa nusu, punguza kwa nusu yake. halibut n halibati: aina ya samaki mkubwa wa baharini aliwaye. halitosis n harufu/pumzi mbaya (ya mdomo), kishuzishuzi. hall n 1 ukumbi, bwalo the Town/City halyard   Hall ukumbi wa Mji/Jiji. dance ~ n ukumbi wa dansi. 2 (in colleges at English Universities) bwalo dine in ~ kula bwaloni. 3 ~ (of residence) bweni. 4 (in England) nyumba kubwa mashambani, (agh ya mtu mwenye ardhi nyingi). 5 sebule. hallelujah n interj aleluya. hall-mark n chapa inayopigiwa fedha au dhahabu kuonyesha ubora wake; (fig) sifa bainifu. vt tia chapa. hallo interj see hullo. hallow vt (usu passive) fanya wakfu; (reverence) tukuza. n (only in) All H~'s Day n sikukuu ya watakatifu wote (1 Novemba). ~e'en n mkesha wa sikukuu ya watakatifu wote (31 Oktoba). hallucinate vt -ota njozi. hallucination n ndoto, njozi. hallucinatory, hallucinogenic adj (of drugs) (madawa) yenye kuleta njozi. halo n duara ya mwangaza/nuru (hasa inayozunguka kichwa cha picha ya mtakatifu). halt n 1 kusimamisha (chiefly mil, of soldiers). call a ~ (to) simamisha kwa muda mfupi (safari/mwendo); (fig) kukomesha it is time to call a ~ to vandalism (fig) wakati umefika kukomesha uharibifu. 2 (more general use) come to a ~ simama, (kwa muda). 3 kituo kidogo cha treni. vt,vi (as a mil command) simama, hima the officer ~ed his troops for a rest ofisa alisimamisha kikosi chake kwa mapumziko H ~ ! Hima! vi sita; tembea/sema kwa kusitasita talk in a ~ing voice zungumza kwa sauti ya kusitasita. ~ing adj -a kusitasita; -a kuchechemea. ~ingly adv. halter n 1 hatamu:kamba ya kufungia/kuongoza farasi. 2 kitanzi. halyard n henza, jarari.     ham   ham n 1 paja agh. la wanyama. 2 hemu: paja la nguruwe lililokaushwa ~ and eggs mayai yaliyokaangwa na hemu. 3 ~ (actor) mwigizaji mbovu a radio ~ mtangazaji/mpokeaji (ujumbe wa) redio wa ridhaa ~ handed/fisted zito (katika kutumia mikono). ~ burger n hambaga: kababu ya nyama iliyosagwa (agh inayoliwa ndani ya mikate miwili). hamadryad n 1 kizimwi wa mitini. 2 koboko mkubwa wa India . hamlet n kijiji, kitongoji. hammer n 1 nyundo. be/go at it ~ and tongs bishana/gombana kwa kelele nyingi; fanya kwa bidii sana. throwing the ~ n mchezo wa kutupa nyundo (nzito). ~ and sickle n nyundo na nyengo. 2 (in a piano) kinyundo. 3 (of guns) hama: kitu kinachopiga na kulipusha risasi. 4 nyundo (ya dalili). be/come under the ~ uzwa mnadani. 5 (bone of ear) nyundo. 6 (compounds) ~-beam n kombamoyo. ~-head n kichwa cha nyundo ~shark papa-nyundo. ~-lock n (wresting) maongonyo. vt,vi ~in/ out/down (at) 1 piga nyundo ~ in gongomea; (nails) pigilia ~ down the lid of a box gongomea mfuniko wa sanduku ~ into shape rekebisha. ~ something into somebody's head sisitizia mtu jambo (kwa kurudia sana). ~ something out (metal) babatisha. 2 ~-out (fig) toa/ fanya kwa bidii; fikia kwa kujadili sana ~ out solution fikia suluhisho kutokana na mjadala mkali. 3 ~ away at endelea kufanya kazi. 4 piga mfululizo. 5 (colloq) shinda, twanga. hammock n kitanda cha bembea. hamper1 n jamanda. hamper2 vt zuia. hamster n buku (agh. hufugwa na watoto). hamstring n ukano wa mvungu wa     hand   goti. vt lemaza (kwa kukata ukano wa mvungu wa goti); (fig) haribu, vuruga (uwezo au ufanisi). hand1 n 1 mkono, kitengele. at ~ karibu. at somebody's ~s kutoka kwa I did not expect such treatment at your ~s sikutarajia kitendo kama hicho kutoka kwako. bind somebody ~ and foot funga mikono na miguu; (lit. fig) zuia mtu asiweze kufanya chochote. serve/wait on somebody ~ and foot tumikia mtu sana. by ~ kwa mkono this sweater is made by ~ sweta hii imefumwa kwa mkono the letter was sent by ~ barua imepelekwa kwa mkono. bring up a baby/a calf by ~ lisha mtoto/ndama kwa chupa. eat/feed out of one's ~ (agh. ndege) fugika; (fig) -wa tayari kutii lolote. from ~ to ~ pokezana mkono kwa mkono. fight ~ to ~ pambana, pigana kwa kukaribiana sana. give/land (somebody) ~ (with something) saidia mtu. give one's ~ on a bargain kubaliana kwa kushikana mkono. have one's ~ full -wa na shughuli/kazi nyingi. ~ in ~ kwa kushikana mkono kwa mkono. (fig) H~s off! Acha! Usiguse! H~s up! Mikono juu! ~ over ~ kwa kutumia mikono yote; (fig) kwa haraka na uthabiti. in ~ tayari, mkononi cash in ~ fedha taslimu; (of work etc.) -nayoshughulikiwa. the matter is in ~ jambo linashughulikiwa. in the ~s of mikononi mwa; juu ya the matter is in your ~s ni juu yako. in good ~s salama, inayotunzwa vizuri the child is in good ~s mtoto anatunzwa vizuri. not lift a ~; not do a ~'s turn -tosaidia kabisa. lift/raise a/one's ~ against somebody tishia, shambulia. live from ~ to mouth ishi maisha ya kijungumeko; -wa maskini. (get something) off one's~s jitoa (katika wajibu);     hand   achana na. on ~ -liopo. on one's ~ chini ya madaraka ya; mikononi mwa. out of ~ -sioweza kudhibitiwa the crowd was out of ~ umati ulikuwa haudhibitiki. shake ~s (with) shikana mikono. take a ~ (in) saidia, shiriki. take something/somebody in ~ chukua madaraka ya. be to ~ (commerce) pokelewa your letter is to ~ barua yako imepokelewa. wash one's ~s of nawa mikono, jitenga na. win ~s down shinda kwa urahisi. (rule) with a heavy ~ (tawala) kwa ukali. win a lady's ~ kubaliwa uchumba. 2 (pl) uwezo, mamlaka, madaraka. in somebody's ~s chini ya madaraka ya mtu fulani the house is no longer in my ~s sina madaraka tena. change ~s badili umiliki. 3 (sing only) mkono, athari there's someone's ~ in this pana mkono wa mtu. 4 (sing only) at first ~ moja kwa moja I received the news from him at first ~ nilipata habari toka kwake moja kwa moja. at second ~ kwa kupitia njia nyingine I received the news about him at second ~ nilipashwa habari zake kwa kupitia mtu mwingine. 5 (sing only) ustadi, weledi he's a good ~ at something yu stadi wa kufanya kitu. get one's ~ in jizoeza (tena). keep one's ~ in dumisha umahiri (wa kufanya mambo). 6 mtendaji mzoefu; (labourer) kibarua, mfanyakazi; (nautical) baharia. all ~s watu wote, kila mtu. 7 mshiriki. have a ~ in something -wamo (katika jambo fulani). 8 (watch, clock etc) mshale, akrabu. 9 upande left ~ mkono wa kushoto right ~ mkono wa kuume (wa kulia). on every/either ~; on all ~s toka/kila upande, pande zote. on the one ~ kwa upande mmoja. on the other ~ kwa upande mwingine. 10 (sing only) mwandiko he writes a legible ~ mwandiko wake unasomeka. 11 (formal) sahihi given hand   under my ~ and seal idhinishwa kwa sahihi na muhuri wangu. 12 (cards) karata (alizoshika mchezaji). have a good/bad/poor ~ -wa na karata nzuri/mbaya. play a good/bad ~ cheza (karata) vizuri/vibaya. play into somebody's ~s fanya jambo litakalo mnufaisha mtu mwingine; mchezaji (karata); mchezo mmoja (wa karata). take a ~ at something shiriki; cheza karata. 13 kipimo kama inchi nne; nusu shubiri. 14 (colloq) makofi. give somebody a good ~ pigia makofi. 15 (compounds) ~bag n begi, mkoba. ~-barrow n mkokoteni unaosukumwa. ~bill n tangazo (linalotolewa kwa mkono). ~ book n kiongozi, kijitabu cha maelekezo. ~ brake n breki ya mkono. ~clap n (pigo la) makofi. ~cuff n pingu. vt tia pingu. ~ful n -chache; kiasi kidogo; konzi; ukufi only a ~ of people attended the meeting watu wachache tu walihudhuria mkutano; kiasi cha kuweza kujaza kitengele; (colloq) tukutu, sumbufu. ~-grenade n kombora la mkono. ~-hold n kishikizi; kitu cha kushika wakati wa kupanda. ~-luggage n mizigo ya mkononi. ~ made adj -a mkono; -liotengenezwa kwa mkono. ~ maid n mjakazi, mtumishi wa kike. ~-me -down n mtumba. kitu ambacho kimeshatumika. ~-picked adj -liochaguliwa kwa makini. ~rail n papi za ngazi. ~saw n msumeno (wa mpini mmoja). ~shake n kupeana mikono. ~stand n kusimama kwa mikono. ~work n kazi ya mkono. ~writing n mwandiko, mkono. ~y adj 1 fundi, -epesi. ~ly adv kwa kazi (hasa za mikono). ~y man n mtu mwepesi wa kazi (hasa za mikono): wepesi kufanya kazi yoyote. 2 (of things, place) -a kuchukulika;     hand   (useful) -a kufaa kutumiwa kwa urahisi come in ~y faa wakati mwingine. 3 karibu, tayari,-siokuwa mbali. ~ily adv ~iness n. hand2 vt 1 pa; leta; saidia kwa mikono please ~ me that pencil tafadhali niletee kalamu hiyo. 2 ~ down (to) rithisha the house was ~ed down to his son mtoto wake alirithi nyumba yake. 3 ~ something on to somebody pitisha please ~ this book on to Mary tafadhali nipitishie kitabu hiki kwa Maria. 4 ~ out (to somebody) (colloq) toa sadaka. hand-out n taarifa iliyotayarishwa na mkuu na kutolewa (agh. kwa waandishi wa habari); (of school) kitini; sadaka kwa maskini. 5 ~ over (to somebody) peleka mtu kwa polisi n.k.. ~ something over (to somebody) kabidhi. 6 ~ it to somebody (colloq) msifu mtu; -pa (mtu) haki yake. handicap n 1 kikwazo. 2 kilema, upungufu. vt 1 zuia. 2 lemaza ~ped people vilema, walemavu. handicraft n kazi ya mikono (kama kufuma, kusuka vikapu, kufinyanga n.k.). handiwork n kazi ya mikono; kitu kilichofanywa kwa mikono agh. ya mtu fulani. handkerchief n leso. handle n 1 mpini; (of a cup) mkono; (of a bucket) utambo; (of a door or box) kipete. ~ bar n (often pl of a bicycle) usukani. fly off the ~ (colloq) hamaki, pandisha. (fig) give a ~ (to somebody) (against somebody) toa nafasi, kisingizio kinachoweza kudhuru/kuumiza. 2 (sl) cheo; jina la heshima have a ~ to one's name -wa na jina la heshima k.m. Alhaji. vt 1 gusa, shika ~ the ball gusa mpira kwa mikono. 2 simamia; shughulika; ongoza, tawala. 3 (treat) tendea. 4 (comm) nunua; uza he does not ~ perishable goods in his shop hafanyi hang   biashara ya bidhaa zinazoharibika upesi. ~r n mtu afunzaye na kuwatunza wanyama k.m. mbwa wa polisi. handsel n zawadi (kwa ajili ya kuanza maisha mapya, mwaka mpya). vt 1 toa zawadi. 2 zindua; takadamu. handsome adj 1 -enye umbile zuri; (of men) -zuri, -enye sura nzuri; (of women) -enye umbo zuri. 2 (of conduct) kubwa. H~is as/that ~does (prov) mwungwana ni kitendo. hang n 1 (sing only) mning'inio, mkao the ~ of a dress mning'inio wa gauni. 2 get the ~ of something (colloq) elewa jinsi ya kutumia (teknolojia, mashine, wazo n.k.); pata/ona maana au umuhimu wa kilichosemwa au kuandikwa. not give/care a ~ (colloq) (euph for damn) -tojali chochote. vt,vi 1 tundika, angika, ning'iniza, ngoeka ~ the pictures on the wall tundika picha ukutani ~ the towel on the line angika taulo kwenye kamba. 2 (pt, pp ~ed) nyonga he ~ed himself alijinyonga he was ~ed for murder alinyongwa kwa kuua 3 (mild equivalent of damn-dated) I'll be ~ed if I come sitakuja kabisa; wallahi siji! 4 (various uses) ~ a door tia mlango bawaba. ~ by a hair/a single thread (of a person's fate) -wa katika hali mbaya/ngumu; tegemea kitu kidogo; wa mashakani sana. ~ one's head inamisha kichwa hasa kwa aibu. ~ fire (of a gun) kawia kufyatuka; (of events) kawia kutokea/kuanza. let things go~ (colloq) puuza, -tojali. ~ in the balance -wa na matokeo yenye mashaka, -wa mashakani. 5 acha leave ~ing until the right time acha mpaka wakati ufaao. 6 (compound) ~man n chakari, mnyongaji. ~ dog adj (of somebody's look) -danganyifu na -liotahayari; -enye aibu. ~over n kasumba; uchovu baada ya     hangar   kulewa sana; mabaki ya habari; sheria za zamani; (with adverbial particles and preps) colonial ~ over kasumba ya kikoloni. ~ about/a round randaranda. ~ back sita. ~ on shikilia kwa nguvu; vumilia. ~ on (a minute) (colloq) ngoja kidogo. ~ on/upon somebody's words/lips sikiliza kwa makini. ~ on to something ng'ang'ania; shikilia imara. ~ out (sl) ishi; panga. ~ something out tundika, anika, angika (nguo mbichi) juani zikauke; onyesha. ~ together (of persons) saidiana; shirikiana if we dont ~ together we shall fail tusiposhirikiana tutashindwa; patana, lingana the evidence of the witnesses ~s together ushahidi wa mashahidi unalingana. ~ up kata simu. ~ up on somebody (colloq) kata simu kabla mtu mwingine hajamaliza kuongea. be hung up cheleweshwa; katishwa tamaa; fadhaika. ~-up n 1 shida, matatizo. 2 fadhaa. ~er n kiango (cha kutundikia vitu) (in compounds) clothes-/dress-~er kiango cha nguo. ~er-on n mtu anayejitiatia, mdoezi. ~ing n 1 kufa kwa kunyongwa. 2 (usu.pl) pazia. hangar n banda la ndege. hangnail n kigozikucha. hank n kibonge, kidonge (cha uzi, hariri). hanker vi ~ after/for something taka sana, tamani sana ~ after wealth tamani sana mali. ~ing n tamaa have a ~ing for power -wa na tamaa ya madaraka. hanky n (child's word for hand- kerchief) leso. hanky-panky n hila. Hansard n kumbukumbu rasmi za mijadala ya bunge. hap n (archaic) bahati; jaha. vt,vi tukia. ~less adj (arch) -a bahati mbaya, -sio na bahati. ~ly adv 1 kwa bahati; kwa nasibu. 2 huenda,     hard   labda. haphazard n bahati adj -a ovyo adv ovyo ovyo, shaghalabaghala ~ attempt jaribio la ovyoovyo/lisilo na mpango/la wasiwasi. happen vi 1 (to) tukia, jiri, tendeka. ~ again tukia tena it so ~ed that ilitokea kuwa. 2 -wa na bahati; bahatisha; bahatika as it ~s kwa bahati. 3 ~ on/upon ona/pata kwa bahati. ~ on somebody pata mtu kwa bahati. ~ing n (often pl) tukio. happy adj 1 -a furaha; -a bahati; -lioridhika. as ~ as the day is long -enye furaha kabisa. 2 fadhiliwa; furahishwa. 3 -enye kufaa, inayosibu a ~ idea wazo linalofaa. ~ go lucky adj -siojali; -enye kuchukua maisha yalivyo. happily adv. happiness n. hara-kiri n kujiua kwa kujikata matumbo kama ishara ya samurai ya kuwajibika. harangue n makemeo; mahubiri. vt,vi hubiri/kemea kirefu. harass vt 1 sumbua, bughudhi. 2 shambulia mara kwa mara. ~ ment n. harbinger n dalili heavy clouds is the ~ of rain mawingu mazito ni dalili ya mvua. harbour n 1 bandari. ~ dues n kodi ya kutia nanga. 2 (fig) mahala pa kinga/hifadhi. vt,vi 1 hifadhi, linda, ficha. 2 hodhi (mawazo). 3 tia nanga bandarini. ~age n mahala pa hifadhi. hard (contrasted with soft) adj 1 -gumu a ~ wood mti mgumu a ~ nut to crack (fig) tatizo kubwa; mtu asiyechukulika. 2 (contrasted with easy) -gumu/isio rahisi (kueleweka) ~ words maneno magumu ~subject somo gumu he finds it ~ to understand anaona vigumu kuelewa. 3 -a dhiki, -a shida, -a tabu. ~ going adj kazi ngumu. ~ times n siku za dhiki. learn something the ~ way jifunza kwa     hard   tabu. 4 kali, korofi a ~ father baba mkali. be ~ on somebody fanyia mtu ukali; tendea bila huruma. take a ~line -wa na msimamo mkali. 5 (of the body) -kavu, kakamavu, -liokakamaa ~ muscles misuli mikavu. as ~ as nails -enye nguvu; (fig) katili. ~hearted adj -enye moyo mgumu. 6 -enye bidii/juhudi ~ worker mfanyakazi mwenye bidii. 7 (of the weather, sound) kali a ~ winter n kipupwe kikali a ~ drought ukame uliokalifisha. 8 (various uses) ~ and fast (rules etc) mkata, -siobadilishwa. ~ cash n fedha taslimu; kichele ~ of hearing -enye uziwi. ~ back/cover n kitabu chenye jalada gumu (kinyume na jalada laini). ~ board n hadibodi, bango. ~ core n kifusi; msingi/ kiini; sugu ~ core criminal jambazi sugu. ~ court n kiwanja cha sakafu. ~currency n fedha isiyobadilika ovyo thamani/ inayoaminika (kimataifa). ~ drug n dawa ya kulevya (k.m. heroini). ~headed adj -tendaji, -enye kutenda. ~ labour n kazi ngumu. ~ liquor/drink n kinywaji kikali. ~ luck/line n bahati mbaya, -a kusikitisha. ~ luck story n hadithi ya kusikitisha. ~ shoulder n sehemu ya kando ya barabara ya dharura. ~ware n vifaa vya bati vitumiwavyo nyumbani k.m. sufuria, vikaango, misumari military ~ware zana za kijeshi computer ~ware zana na vifaa vya mitambo ya kompyuta. ~ water n maji ya chumvichumvi. ~ wood n mti/ubao mgumu k.m. mninga, mvule, mpingo n.k. ~ness n. adv 1 kwa nguvu, kwa bidii work ~ fanya kazi kwa bidii pull ~ vuta kwa nguvu. ~ hitting adj -lioeleza waziwazi. ~working adj -enye kufanya kazi kwa bidii; chapa kazi. 2 kwa vikali sana it is raining ~ inanyesha sana. 3 kwa matatizo, kwa tabu my ~ earned wealth mali     hare   yangu niliyoipata kwa tabu. be ~ hit hasirika sana hasa kwa fedha. be ~ pressed (for something) banwa sana na jambo. be ~ put to it (to do something) -wia vigumu I was ~ put to it to explain how I got the new car iliniwia vigumu kueleza jinsi nilivyopata gari jipya. be ~ up wamba, -tokuwa na fedha. be ~ up for (something) -wa mhitaji wa kitu, kosa kitu. ~ boiled adj gumu, yai lililo- chemshwa. 4 ~baked adj -liookwa mpaka likawa gumu. ~ bitten adj (of a person) -enye kupigana kishupavu; (fig) sugu, -siojali. 5 karibu, mara follow ~ after somebody fuata mtu karibu. ~ by karibukaribu, sio mbali, karibu. run somebody ~ kimbiza/ fukuzia/fuata karibukaribu. ~ship n taabu, shida, dhiki. ~en vt,vi-wa/fanya/gumu, madhubuti, imara; shupaza; shupaa ~ the heart shupaza moyo. be ~ to -tojali jambo/kitu fulani, fanywa sugu. ~ off (of young plants, esp. seedlings) imarika, tayari kwa kupandikizwa mahali pengine. ~hood n ujasiri, ushupavu. ~y adj 1 -enye nguvu; -nayoweza kustahimili taabu. 2 (of plants) -sioharibika kwa baridi. 3 shupavu, jasiri. ~iness n. hardly adv 1 chache, kidogo tu we had ~ rested hatukudiriki/ hatukuwahi kupumzika. 2 (used to suggest that something is improbable, unlikely or unreasonable) I can ~ give you a drink today sidhani kama naweza kukununulia kinywaji hivi leo. 3 (neg. in meaning) chache, kwa nadra sana ~ anybody came to the meeting ni watu wachache sana waliofika mkutanoni. 4 vikali, kwa ukali the child was scolded ~ alikaripiwa kwa ukali sana. hare n 1 sungura. 2 start a ~ anzisha hoja, mjadala (usiohusiana     harem   na suala kuu). first catch your ~ then cook him usikate mbeleko na mwana hajazaliwa. run with the ~ and hunt with the hounds ridhisha kila upande; -wa ndumila kuwili mad as a March ~ kichaa kabisa. ~-brained adj -a harara; pumbavu. ~lip n mdomo uliojigawa (tangu kuzaliwa). harem n 1 nyumba ya harimu. 2 harimu. haricot n ~ (beans) maharage madogo meupe. hark vi (chiefly imper) 1 ~ at (colloq) sikiliza! msikilize! 2 ~ back (to) rejea/kumbuka jambo lililofanywa au lililosemwa. harlequin n mchekeshaji, mtu wa mzaha. ~ade n mchezo wa kuigiza ambao sehemu kubwa inachukuliwa na mchekeshaji. harlot n (arch) malaya, kahaba. harm n madhara there is no ~ in doing so hakuna madhara kwa kufanya hivyo. do somebody ~ umiza mtu. out of ~'s way mahali pa salama. vt dhuru. ~ful adj -a kudhuru. ~fully adv. ~less adj 1 si -a kudhuru, si-a shari, -pole. 2 -sio na hatia. ~lessly adv. harmattan n hamatani, kipupwe; upepo mkali wenye vumbi jingi uvumao katika pwani ya Afrika Magharibi. harmonica n kinanda cha mdomo. harmonium n kinanda. harmony n 1 upatanifu (katika maono, mtazamo n.k.), amani. 2 (music) mwafaka, ulinganifu wa sauti. harmonic adj (of sound) -a hamoniki, linganifu, -enye kuoana/ kuchukuana. harmonics n sauti za hamoniki. harmonious adj 1 -enye mpangilio mzuri/wenye kuridhisha, linganifu. 2 patanifu. 3 (of music) tamu. harmonize vt patanisha, linganisha. vi lingana patana, chukuana. harmonization n. harness n 1 lijamu na hatamu. in ~ (fig) kufanya kazi ya kawaida he     has   died in ~ alikufa angali akifanya kazi yake. work/run in double ~ shirikiana na mwenzi katika kazi. 2 (in a loom) sindano (ya kufumia). vt 1 funga/visha farasi lijamu na kigwe. 2 tumia mto, maporomoko ya maji agh. kutengeza umeme. harp n kinubi. vi 1 piga kinubi. 2 ~ on something (fig) zungumza kwa kurudiarudia na kuchosha ~ upon the same thing rudiarudia yale yale. ~er n. ~ist n mpiga kinubi. harpoon n chusa. vt vua kwa chusa, piga chusa. harpy n (Gk myth) 1 mwanamkendege: kiumbe mkali mwenye sura ya mwanamke na kiwiliwili cha ndege. 2 mwanamke katili na mchoyo. harridan n ajuza/bibi kizee mkali sana. harrier n 1 mbwa wa kuwindia sungura; (pl) kundi la mbwa hao pamoja na wawindaji. 2 mkimbiaji wa mbio ndefu. harrow n haro. vt 1 piga haro. 2 (fig) huzunisha, tia uchungu. harry vt 1 shambulia mara kwa mara; vamia na kupora. 2 sumbua, udhi. harsh adj 1 (of texture, voice etc) kali; -siopendeza, -a kuchukiza. 2 kali, katili a ~ punishment adhabu kali/katili. ~ly adv. ~ness n. hart n ayala. hartebeest n kongoni. harum-scarum n (colloq) mtu mwenye harara, msojali adj -a harara, -siojali. harvest n 1 mavuno. ~ festival n (rel) sikukuu ya mavuno. ~ home n sikukuu inayofanywa na wakulima mwishoni mwa mavuno kwa ajili ya wafanyakazi wao. ~ moon n mwezi mpevu. 2 (fig) matokeo reap the ~ of your work vuna matunda ya kazi yako/ulichopanda. vt vuna. ~er n 1 mvunaji. 2 mashini ya kuvunia. has see have. ~-been n (colloq) zilipendwa.     hash   hash n 1 chinyango iliyopikwa na kupashwa moto. 2 (muddle) fujo. make a ~ of something fanya (jambo) ovyoovyo, vuruga. settle somebody's ~ komesha (mtu). 3 (colloq) bangi. vt ~ (up) katakata (nyama). hashish n bangi. hasp n kipete. hassle n (colloq) mabishano; ugomvi, mzozo. vt,vi bishana; gombana. hassock n takia la kupigia magoti (mf. kanisani). hast (arch) thou ~ una. haste n haraka, hima. Make ~ fanyahima. More ~ less speed (prov) haraka haraka haina baraka. ~n vi,vt harakisha, fanya haraka, hima. hasty adj -a haraka a ~y departure kuondoka kwa haraka speak ~y words ropoka. hastily adv. hastiness n. hat n kofia, chepeo, heti. go/come ~ in hand njoo/nenda kuomba msamaha. pass/send round the ~ changisha fedha. talk through one's ~ (sl) payapaya, bwabwaja keep information under one's ~ tunza siri, funika kombe lift ones's ~ to somebody toa heshima. take off one's ~ to (fig) vulia kofia; shangilia. (US) throw one's ~ into the ring ingia/ingiza kwenye mashindano/ulingo. ~ in hand kwa unyenyekevu. ~ off to... (fig) makofi! tunashangilia...! my ~! ala! a bad ~ n (sl) (mtu) mwovu. ~-band n utepe wa kofia. ~-pin n chupio ya kufungia kofia. ~ trick n magoli matatu mfululizo. ~less adj bila kofia. ~ter n mtengeneza kofia. as mad as a ~ter kichaa kabisa. hatch1 n 1 mfuniko wa mlango. (esp) ~ way n mfuniko wa sitaha; dirisha baina ya vyumba viwili (hasa jiko na chumba cha kulia). under ~ n chini ya silaha. 2 sehemu ya chini ya mlango uliogawika. hatch2 vt,vi angua (yai). don't count     have   one's chickens before they're ~ed (prov) usikate mbeleko na mwana hajazaliwa. 2 buni, tunga a plot buni njama, kula njama. ~ery n mahali pa kuangulia (hasa mayai ya samaki). hatch3 vt chora/chimba mistari sambamba. ~ing n mistari hiyo. hatchet n kishoka. bury the ~patana, acha ugomvi. ~ face n uso wa upanga. hate vt chukia, -wa na kinyongo na; (colloq) juta. n chuki, kinyongo. ~ful adj -a kuchukiza, -a kinyongo, -a kuchukia. hatred n chuki, kinyongo, kisirani. haughty adj -enye kiburi; -enye maringo, -a majivuno/kujivuna. haughtily adv. haughtiness n. haul vt,vi kokota, burura, buruta. ~ down one's flag/colours salimu amri. ~ somebody over the coals karipia, kemea. n 1 kukokota. 2 pato (linalopatikana kwa jasho/kukokota, hasa uvuvi wa samaki kwa nyavu) a good ~ of fish samaki wengi walipatikana. ~age n usafirishaji (wa bidhaa) road ~age usafirishaji wa barabara. 3 gharama ya usafirishaji. ~ier n msafirishaji; mwenye magari ya kusafirisha bidhaa. haulm n (collective, sing) mashina na matawi ya njegere, maharagwe, mbatata (hasa baada ya mavuno). haunch n tako. haunt vt 1 tembelea/ingilia/kalia/ rudia mara kwa mara. 2 (esp of ghosts and spirits) fanya maskani, makao. 3 (of mind) sumbua/tawala. n makao the ~ of criminals makao ya wahalifu. hauteur n majivuno, maringo. Havana n biri ya Havana Cuba. have vt,vi aux (pres) I ~, he/she has, we/you ~, pt,pp had) 1 -wa na April has thirty days Aprili ina siku thelathini. 2 pata, patia, chukua; kubali I didn't ~ much difficulty     haven   sikupata shida sana. let him ~ it (sl) mwache akione. ~ had it (sl) -wa na wakati ngumu. 3 ~ something done sababisha/amuru kitu kifanywe. 4 (-wa na) lazima, sharti I ~ to go lazima niende. 5 ~ somebody do something taka mtu afanye jambo. 6 ~ something done to you wahi/pata kufanyiwa jambo he had his pocket picked aliwahi kuibiwa, alichomolewa. 7 (colloq) danganya mind she doesn't ~ you angalia asikudanganye; shinda; patia you had me there! umenipatia kwelikweli! 8 (with it and a clause) sema, eleza as Marx has it... kama asemavyo Marx... 9 (used with adverbial particles and preps). ~ something back rudishiwa you'll ~ it back nitakurudishia. ~ somebody down karibisha mtu. ~somebody/ something in -wa na mtu/kitu (chumbani, nyumbani n.k.). ~ it off/away (with somebody) (sl) jamiiana na, kazana, tombana na. ~ somebody on (colloq) danganya mtu. ~ something on (a) vaa (b) -wa na shughuli I ~ nothing on tomorrow sina shughuli yoyote kesho. ~ something out toa, ng'oa ~ a tooth out ng'oa jino. ~ one's sleep out maliza usingizi. ~ it out with somebody elewana kwa kuambizana ukweli, toa fundo. ~ somebody over/round -wa na mgeni. ~ somebody up pata mgeni (usu passive) (colloq) peleka mtu mahakamani; shitaki he was had up for robbery alishitakiwa kwa wizi n pl (of people and countries) the ~s matajiri. the ~s and ~-nots n matajiri na maskini. haven n (fig) kimbilio; mapumzikoni, mahali pa usalama. haversack n shanta. havoc n maangamizi, uharibifu mkubwa, nakama; vurumai. play ~ with/among; make ~ of haribu, umiza; vuruga.     haze   haw vi,n see hum. haw-haw n,interj kikwakwa. hawk1 n 1 mwewe. ~-eyed adj -enye macho makali (yawezayo kuona upesi na mbali). 2 mwanamabavu: mtu apendaye matumizi ya nguvu za kijeshi katika siasa za nchi za nje. hawk2 vt kohoa. ~ up toa makohozi, safisha koo. hawk3 vt ~ (about/around) tembeza biashara; (fig) eneza ~ news eneza habari. ~er n mchuuzi, guoguo. hawser n (naut) utari. hay n nyasi kavu. make ~ kausha nyasi, geuza nyasi (ili zikauke). make ~ of vuruga. make ~ while the sun shines linalowezekana leo lisingoje kesho, tumia nafasi iliyopo. ~ cock n tita la nyasi kavu shambani. ~ fever n kikohozi/mafua yaletwayo na vumbi. ~ fork n uma wa kubebea nyasi kavu shambani. ~ loft n ghala ya nyasi kavu. ~maker n mkausha nyasi. ~ making n kukausha nyasi. ~rick; ~ stack n lundo la nyasi (lililofungwa tayari kuhifadhiwa ghalani). ~ wire n waya wa kufungia marobota ya nyasi kavu pred adj (colloq) -lio ovyo ovyo/ vurugika; -enye wasiwasi/ hamaniko, fadhaa/wazimu. go ~wire (of persons) hangaika, hamanika, pata wazimu; (of something e.g a plan) vurugika. hazard n 1 hatari navigation ~s hatari za usafiri (wa baharini). at all ~s licha ya hatari zote, lolote/liwe liwalo. 2 game of ~ mchezo wa dadu. vt jaribu, bahatisha, hatarisha I'll ~ a guess nitabahatisha. ~ous adj -enye hatari a ~ous jump mruko wa hatari. haze1 n ukungu, (thin) utusitusi; (fig) kuchanganyikiwa, hangaiko, fadhaa. vt,vi ~ over jaa/tia ukungu. hazy adj 1 -enye ukungu.     haze   2 (fig) si dhahiri; sio na uhakika; -enye wasiwasi. hazily adv. haziness n. haze2 vt (US) tesa, onea, dhalilisha. H-bomb n see hydrogen. he pron 1 yeye (mwanamume) that is ~! there ~ is! ni yule! huyo! it is~, ~ is the man ndiye. 2 (as pref) -a kiume ~ goat beberu. ~ man n dume. 3 (liter style) ~who yule ambaye, yeyote ambaye. head n 1 kichwa; (fig) maisha it costed him his ~ amepoteza maisha yake. 2 kipimo cha kichwa ~'s length urefu wa kichwa John is taller than Mary by a ~ John amempita Mary urefu kwa kichwa. be ~ and shoulders above somebody (fig) pata/zidi sana (kwa uwezo au akili). 3 ~ (s) upande wa sarafu wenye kichwa. ~s or tails? Kichwa au Mwenge? be unable to make ~ or tail of something -toweza kuelewa kitu. 4 mtu the entrance fee is 200/= per ~ kiingilio ni Shs 200/= kwa kila mtu. 5 (pl unchanged) moja katika kundi, idadi fifty ~ of sheep kundi la kondoo hamsini. 6 akili; uwezo wa kufikiri he made it up out of his own ~ alitunga mwenyewe. 7 kipaji he has a good ~ for leadership ana kipaji cha uongozi. 8 (kitu kama) kichwa (kwa umbo, kazi au mahali) the ~ of a nail kichwa cha msumari the ~ of a hammer kichwa cha nyundo. 9 sehemu ya juu/mwanzo at the ~ of the list mwanzoni mwa orodha. 10 sehemu ya juu/ya mwisho wa kitu the ~ of a bed kichwani mwa kitanda. 11 (of plants) kishada cha majani au maua juu ya shina a ~ of cabbage kabeji. 12 (often attrib) mtawala, mkuu, kiongozi the ~ of the school mkuu wa shule crowned ~s mfalme na malkia. H~ of State n Mkuu wa Nchi. 13 sehemu ya mbele (of a ship) omo at the ~ of a queue mwanzo/mbele ya     head   mlolongo/foleni at the ~ of a ship omoni. 14 (chiefly in proper names) rasi. 15 kiasi cha maji kinachowekwa kwa sababu maalumu (k.m. ya kuzalisha nguvu za umeme) ~ of a steam nguvu ya mvuke. 16 kichwa cha habari this essay has several ~s insha hii ina vichwa vya habari kadhaa. 17 povu (agh. la maziwa, pombe n.k.). 18 ncha/mdomo/kichwa cha jipu (lililoiva) the boil came to a ~ jipu liliiva. come to a ~ (fig) iva; fikia upeo (wa hatari) misunderstanding has come to a ~ kutoelewana kumefikia hatua ya hatari. 19 (various phrases) above/over one's ~ ngumu kuelewa. talk above their ~s ongea pasipo kueleweka. an old ~ on young shoulders busara aliyonayo kijana. bite somebody's ~ off kemea kwa hasira; jibu vikali. eat one's ~ off (of a horse) kula sana (na fanya kazi kidogo). give somebody his ~ ruhusu mtu afanye atakavyo. go to one's ~ (of liquor) levya; lewesha, tia kiburi/majivuno. have a good ~ on one's shoulder -wa na uwezo wa kutenda/busara. ~ over heels kichwangomba; (fig) kabisa keep one's ~ tulia. keep one's ~ above water (fig) epuka madeni/matatizo n.k. keep one's ~ down epuka hatari/uharibifu. laugh/scream one's ~ off cheka/lia kwa nguvu sana. lose one's ~ changanyikiwa! (go) off one's ~ pata wazimu. (stand etc) on one's ~ simama kichwangomba I could do it (standing) on my ~ (colloq) ni rahisi mno; hainipi shida. on one's own ~ be it shauri hako. over one's ~; above one's ~/over another's ~/over the ~s of others mbele ya mtu/watu waliotangulia/stahili zaidi. put our/your/their ~s together shauriana. put something into a person's ~ endekeza/     head   shauri mtu. put something out of one's ~ sahau, acha kufikiria, acha wazo fulani. put something out of somebody's ~ sahaulisha. take something into one's ~ amini kitu fulani. talk one's ~ off zungumza kupita kiasi. talk somebody's ~ off chosha (mtu) kwa maongezi. two ~s are better than one (prov) penye wengi hapaharibiki neno. turn somebody's ~ pumbaza, tia kiburi; lewesha ajivune. (be) weak in the ~ pungukiwa na akili. 20 (compounds) ~ ache n maumivu ya kichwa; (sl) tatizo, shida it gives me a ~ache inanisumbua akili. ~ band n utepe/ukanda wa kichwa. ~ dress n ukaya, dusumali, kilemba. ~ gear n kofia, chepeo. ~ hunter n muuaji anayehifadhi vichwa vya maadui zake; (fig) mtu anayeshawishi kwa nguvu ujiunge na shirika, jeshi n.k. ~ lamp/light n taa ya mbele (ya gari, meli n.k.). ~ land n rasi. ~ line n kichwa cha habari (pl) habari kwa ufupi (agh katika radio). ~man n (pl men) mjumbe. ~ master n mkuu wa shule (mwanamume). ~mistress n mkuu wa shule (mwanamke). ~ on adj, adv (of collisions) uso kwa uso. ~phones n pl vipokea sauti vinavyobanwa kichwani. ~piece n kofia ya chuma; (colloq) bongo, akili. ~quarters n (sing or pl) makao makuu. ~ rest n msamilo. ~room n nafasi. ~ set n see ~ phones. ~ship n ukuu (agh. wa shule). ~stall n sehemu ya hatamu inayovishwa kichwani. ~ stone n jiwe linalowekwa kichwani mwa kaburi. ~ wind n upepo wa mbisho. ~word n kitomeo. ~ed adj (in compounds) -enye kichwa three ~ed -enye vichwa vitatu long ~ed -enye kichwa kikubwa. ~less adj -sio na kichwa. vt,vi 1 ongoza Kimathi ~ed Mau Mau Kimathi aliongoza Mau Mau. 2 -wa juu/ mwanzo. 3 gonga kwa kichwa, piga hear   kichwa. 4 ~something/somebody off badilisha mwelekeo; rudisha (fig) zuia. ~er n 1 kuanguka/ kupiga mbizi kwa kutanguliza kichwa. 2 (football) kupiga mpira kwa kichwa. ~ing n kichwa cha habari. ~long adv,adj 1 -a kutanguliza kichwa fall ~long anguka kwa kutanguliza kichwa. 2 -a ubahau, bila kufikiri a ~long decision uamuzi bahau. ~strong adj -kaidi, -bishi. ~y adj (of alcoholic drink) -a kulevya haraka. heal vt,vi 1 ponya; pona. 2 maliza ~ a quarrel maliza ugomvi. ~er n. ~ing adj. health n 1 afya, siha dangerous to ~-a kuhatarisha afya. drink the ~ of somebody/somebody's ~ kunywa kwa afya ya ~ centre kituo cha afya ~ food chakula bora World Health Organisation (WHO) Shirika la Afya Duniani. 2 uzima in good ~-enye uzima. ~ful adj 1 -enye afya njema/nzuri. 2 zuri a ~ful climate hali ya hewa nzuri. ~y adj -enye afya/siha, (fig) maridhawa ~y bank balance salio maridhawa. 2 -a kuweza kuleta afya (km hali ya hewa/mtindo wa maisha/lishe bora). 3 -a kuonyesha afya bora. 4 -a kawaida. ~ily adv. heap n 1 fungu, rundo a big ~ of books rundo kubwa la vitabu. be struck/knocked all of a ~ (colloq) pigwa na bumbuwazi; kanganyikiwa. 2 ~ (of) (colloq) tele, -ingi we have ~s of books tunavyo vitabu vingi. 3 ~s (adv colloq) sana she is feeling ~ better ana nafuu sana. vt ~ (up) 1 rundika; limbikiza. 2 ~ something on/upon somebody/something; ~ somebody/something with something jazia; rundikizia, sheheneza (na). hear vt,vi 1 sikia. 2 ambiwa, arifiwa, sikia (habari) I ~ that he was ill nimearifiwa kuwa yu mgonjwa. ~ about something pata habari juu     hearse   ya jambo fulani. ~ from somebody pokea barua, habari n.k. toka kwa. ~ of somebody/ something jua. ~ tell of sikia watu wakizungumzia. 3 sikiliza; (of a judge in a law court) sikiliza kesi. ~ somebody out sikiliza mpaka mwisho. not ~ of kataa kutoa ruhusa, kataa kufikiria. 4 H~! H~! Toboa! Sawa! (msemo wa kuonyesha kuafiki, wakati mwingine huonyesha kejeli). ~er n msikilizaji. ~say n tetesi, uvumi, fununu know from ~say pata habari kutokana na uvumi ~ say evidence is not accepted in law courts uvumi haukubaliwi katika ushahidi mahakamani. ~ing n 1 usikivu, uwezo wa kusikia her ~ ing is poor hasikii vizuri hard of ~ ing kiziwi kiasi. 2 umbali wa kusikia/ kusikiwa. within/out of ~ing karibu/mbali kuweza kusikia/ kusikiwa. 3 nafasi ya kusikilizwa (katika mazungumzo). gain a ~ing pata nafasi ya kujitetea. give somebody/get a fair ~ing sikiliza mtu bila upendeleo. 4 (leg) usikilizaji wa kesi mahakamani. ~ken vi (arch) sikiliza. hearse n gari la kuchukulia jeneza mazikoni. heart n 1 moyo ~ attack shtuko la moyo. 2 kiini cha hisia, (hususa mapenzi) undani wa tabia ya mtu a man with a kind ~ mtu mwenye roho nzuri/huruma. after one's own~ -enye kupendeza nafsi; -a kuafikiana. at ~ kimoyomoyo, kwa kweli; kimsingi. have something at ~ penda moyoni, vutiwa/pendezewa na. from (the bottom of) one's ~ kwa yakini, kwa dhati. in one's ~ of ~s moyoni. to one's ~'s content kiasi chake. with all one's ~ kwa utashi/moyo wote I love you with all my ~ nakupenda kwa moyo wangu wote. ~ and soul kabisa I am yours ~ and soul mimi ni wako wa daima break a person's ~ vunja     heart   moyo; sikitisha. cry one's ~ out wazia sana (agh kwa siri). do one's ~ good tia moyo. get/learn/know something by ~ kariri. have a ~onyesha huruma. have a change of ~ badilisha mawazo/msimamo. have the ~ to (usu neg) -wa na moyo mgumu, -tokuwa na huruma. have one's ~ in something vutiwa/pendezewa na kitu. have one's ~ in one's boots katishwa tamaa sana. have one's ~ in one's mouth ogopa sana. have one's heart in the right place -wa na moyo mzuri; -wa mkweli. have one's ~ set on something taka sana. lose ~ kata tamaa. lose one's ~ to somebody/something penda sana mtu/kitu. set one's ~ on something/having something/doing something etc taka sana; -wa na shauku kupata/kufanya kitu. take (fresh) ~ (at something) jiamini. take something to ~ athiriwa na jambo. wear one's ~ on/upon one's sleeve onyesha hisia kwa uwazi. 3 katikati ya (kitu); kiini (cha jambo) in the ~ of the forest katikati ya msitu the ~ of the matter kiini cha jambo. 4 (of land) rutuba in good ~ katika hali nzuri out of ~ katika hali mbaya. 5 (cards) kopa. 6 (as a term of endearment to a person) dear ~ mpenzi sweet ~ mpenzi. 7 (compounds) ~ache n huzuni kubwa. ~beat n pigo la moyo. ~ breaking adj -a kuhuzunisha sana; -a kuvunja moyo. ~ broken adj -enye huzuni nyingi. ~burn n kiungulia. ~ burning n kijicho. ~ disease n afkani, ugonjwa wa moyo. ~-failure n moyo kusita/ kufa. ~felt adj -a dhati. ~ rending adj -a kuhuzunisha sana. ~sick adj -enye huzuni, -enye kusononeka. ~ strings n upendo, mapenzi. ~ed adj (in compounds) hard ~ -enye moyo mgumu     hearth   faint-~ -oga. ~less adj -katili; -sio na huruma. ~-searching n -kujichunguza. ~lessly adv. ~lessness n. ~en vt tia moyo; changamsha. ~y adj 1 -a kweli, kunjufu. 2 zima, -enye nguvu, -enye afya njema. ~ily adv 1 kwa nia njema, kwa hamu. 2 sana I am ~ily glad that you sent me a letter nimefurahi sana kwamba umeniletea barua. ~ening news n habari za kutia moyo/ kuchangamsha. hearth n 1 meko. 2 (fig) nyumba fight for ~ and altar tetea makazi na imani. ~-rug n zulia la meko. ~stone n figa. heat n 1 joto, hari the ~ is very tiring joto linachosha sana. 2 (the) ~ (fig) shauku, mhemko, msisimko, harara in the ~ of the argument wakati mjadala ulipopamba moto. 3 (sports) mchuano; mchujano 4. (of female animals) joto. be in/on/at ~ shikwa na nyege. 5 (compounds) ~-capacity n ujazojoto. ~-flash n joto kali (agh. kutokana na mlipuko wa bomu la atomiki). ~-pump n mashine ya kupitisha joto. ~ shield n kinga-joto. ~-spot n sehemu ya mwili inayoathiriwa zaidi na joto. ~-stroke n ugonjwa wa kuzirai ghafla kutokana na joto jingi. ~-wave n wimbi la joto; kipindi cha joto kali. vt,vi ~ (up) pasha moto. ~ed adj -enye mhemko, -a kusisimua, kali; -enye hamaki. ~edly adv. ~er n kikanza. a gas-~er n kikanza cha gesi. ~ing n kupashajoto. convection-~ing n kupasha joto kwa myuko. heath n 1 pori, nyika; mbuga. 2 (plant) mmeapori: namna ya mimea iotayo nyikani; ua lenye umbo la kengele. heathen n 1 mpagani, kafiri. 2 (colloq) mshenzi. 3 (attrib) a ~ country nchi ya wapagani. ~ish adj. heather n mmeapori (wenye maua     heavy   madogo meupe au ya zambarau). take to the ~ (in olden times) -wa mhalifu, haramia, jahili. ~-mixture n (of cloth) nguo ya rangi inayofanana na mimeapori. heave vt,vi 1 inua, nyanyua (kitu kizito); ng'oa ~ the anchor ng'oa nanga. 2 toa ~ a sigh shusha pumzi kwa nguvu. 3 (colloq) tupa, vurumisha ~ a stone through a door vurumisha jiwe mlangoni, tupia fatuma. 4 ~ (at/on something) vuta. ~-ho! harambee! 5 (of breath, waves etc.) panda na kushuka kwa nguvu na utaratibu. 6 ~ to (of sailing ship) elea, tua(ma) bila kutia nanga. 7 ~ in sight (naut) onekana. n unyanyuaji (kwa nguvu); uvurumishaji (kwa kishindo). heaven n 1 pepo, mbinguni. 2 H ~ Mungu Good H~s! Mungu Wangu! H ~ forbid Mungu apishe mbali. ~set adj -a bahati njema. 3 mahali pa raha zote. 4 (often the~s) anga, mbingu. move ~ and earth fanya kila linalowezekana the ~s opened (colloq) mvua ilinyesha ghafla. ~ward(s) adv kuelekea mbinguni. ~ly adj 1 -a mbinguni. ~ly angel n malaika wa mbinguni. the ~ly bodies n jua, mwezi na sayari zote. the ~ly city n peponi, paradiso. 2 -a uzuri wa peponi. 3 (colloq) -a kupendeza mno, zuri mno. heavy adj 1 -zito that stone is very ~ jiwe lile ni zito sana. ~ heart n moyo mzito. ~-weight n mwanamasumbwi wa uzito wa juu (kilo 79.3 au zaidi). 2 kubwa (kuliko kawaida), -ingi ~-guns mizinga ~ rain mvua kubwa. ~duty n kazi ngumu sana. find something ~ going ona ugumu (katika kutenda jambo). find somebody (rather)~ going ona mchoshaji, choshwa na mtu. 3 (of persons) zito; (of writing or     hebdomadal   painting) -siovutia, -a kuchusha; (of parts in a play for the theatre) -zito; (of bodily states) -a kuzubaa. 4 (compounds) ~-handed adj -enye mkono mzito. ~-hearted adj -enye huzuni, -enye moyo mzito adv kwa uzito. ~-laden adj -enye mzigo mzito; (fig) -enye moyo mzito. heavily adv a heavily loaded cart mkokoteni uliopakiwa sana. heaviness n. hebdomadal adj -a kila wiki H~ Council Baraza la kila wiki. Hebrew n 1 Mwebrania; Myahudi. 2 (language) (in Old Testament) Kiebrania; (modern) Kiyahudi adj -a Kiyahudi. Hebraic adj -a Kiebrania. hecatomb n (in ancient Greece) kafara; kafara (agh. ya kuchinjwa maksai 100). heck n (sl euph) jahannamu (used in exlamations) ch! what the ~! Lo! mambo gani haya! heckle vt hanikiza. ~r n. hectre n hekta (eka 2.47). hectic adj 1 -a wekundu uliokithiri; -ahoma; -a kifua kikuu. 2 (colloq) -enye msisimko na shughuli nyingi; -enye mishughuliko mingi a ~ life maisha yenye msisimko na shughuli nyingi. hecto pref (in comb) mia moja ~gramme gramu mia moja. hector vt, vi onea; fanya ufidhuli. he'd abbr of he had/would alikwisha; ange/-ngali. hedge n 1 ua wa miti iliyooteshwa. ~ hop vi rusha ndege chinichini (k.m. wakati wa kunyunyizia mimea dawa). ~-row n safu ya miti inayofanya ua. ~-sparrow n shorewanda wa Uingereza na Amerika. 2 (fig) kinga buy assets as a ~ against inflation nunua rasilmali kama kinga ya wakati wa kushuka kwa thamani ya fedha. vt,vi 1 weka/zungushia ua, zingira kwa ua. 2 (fig) epa kutoa jibu la moja kwa moja. 3 (colloq) chukua tahadhari ya hasara. 4 chenga: ua.     height   hedgehog n nungunungu. hedonism n imani ya kuwa anasa ni kitu muhimu katika maisha; maisha ya anasa. hedonist n muumini wa imani hiyo. hedonistic adj. heed vt (formal) sikiza ~ advice sikiza ushauri. n pay/give ~ (to); take ~(of) tilia maanani. ~ful adj -angalifu, tiifu. ~ful (of) sikivu. ~less adj (of) -zembe -siosikivu, -siojali. ~lessness n. heehaw n mlio wa punda; kikwakwa. heel n kisigino. at/on the ~ of something, at/on somebody's ~ nyuma/karibu sana (kutoka nyuma) na kitu/mtu the school children were at the ~ of the thief wanafunzi walimkaribia kabisa yule mwizi. bring/come to ~ (of a dog) fuatisha/fuatana na bwana wake; (fig) tiisha, shikisha adabu. down at ~ (of shoes) -enye kisigino kilichochakaa; (of a person) anayevaa viatu vilivyochakaa; chafuchafu. head over ~s chini juu; (fig) sana. kick/cool one's ~s ngojeshwa, lazimishwa kusubiri. lay somebody by the ~s funga. show a clean pair of ~s kimbia/toroka (kwa haraka sana). take to one's ~s kimbia. turn on one's ~ geuka ghafla. under the ~ of (fig) -liotawaliwa na. hefty adj (colloq) bonge. hegemony n hegemonia/mamlaka/ amri agh. ya dola moja juu ya dola nyingine. Hegira/Hejira n Hijra. the ~ n mwanzo wa kalenda ya Kiislamu. heifer n mtamba/mfarika wa ng'ombe; mnyama ambaye hajazaa. heigh-ho int (of worry, boredom etc.) oh! height n 1 urefu (wa kwenda juu), kimo measure your ~ pima kimo chako this table is four feet in ~ meza hii ina kimo cha futi nne. 2 sehemu ya juu; kilele, upeo the fair heinous   was at its ~ maonyesho yalikuwa yamepamba moto hasa the ~ of an argument upeo wa majadiliano. ~en vt,vi 1 refuka/refusha (kwa juu). 2 zidi/zidisha (kiwango) the exam results ~ened his ambitions matokeo ya mtihani yalizidisha matarajio yake. heinous adj (of crime) -a kuchukiza; -baya sana, ovu sana. ~ly adv. ~ness n. heir n mrithi ~ to the throne mrithi wa ufalme. ~ apparent n mrithi mstahiki. ~ presumptive n mrithi mdhaniwa/asiyestahiki. ~ess n mrithi (wa kike). ~loom n kitu kinachorithiwa kizazi hadi kizazi. Hejira n see Hegira. held pt, pp of hold. helicopter n helikopta. helio (pref) -a kuhusu jua. heliacal adj (astron) -enye kuhusiana/ kukaribiana na jua. ~graph n heliografu: chombo kinachoashiria kwa kuakisi mionzi ya jua. ~scope n shamsibini: chombo cha kutazamia jua bila ya kuumiza macho. ~therapy n utabibu kwa kutumia jua. ~trope n heliotropu: ua linalopenda kuelekea jua, lenye rangi ya zambarau nyeupe kidogo; rangi/harufu ya ua hilo. heliport n uwanja wa helikopta. helium n heliamu. (He). helix n 1 hesi. 2 (arch) msokoto. 3 mzingo ndani ya sikio. helical adj -enye hesi; -liosokotwa. hell n 1 (Rel) jahannamu, motoni. 2 mahali/hali ya mateso make your life a ~ fanya maisha yako yawe ya mateso give somebody ~ sumbua mtu. 3 (colloq in exclamation, to express anger, or to intensify a meaning) a ~ of a noise kelele nyingi mno go to ~ potelea mbali what the ~ balaa gani? for the ~ of it bila sababu maalum. ride ~ for leather haraka iwezekanavyo. ~ cat n mtu mkali/mwenye ghadhabu (hasa mwanamke). ~ish     help   adj -a kishetani; baya mno. be ~ bent on something (sl) nuia kutenda kitu bila hadhari. Hellene n Myunani halisi, Mgiriki wa kisasa. Hellenic adj -a Kiyunani; sanaa na utamaduni wao. Helleniasm n 1 utamaduni/ utaifa wa Myunani. 2 mafumbo, nahau (za Kiyunani). Hellenist n 1 mtu anayozungumza Kiyunani. 2 mtaalamu wa Kiyunani. hello interj see hullo. helm1 n (archaic) see helmet. helm2 n usukani wa boti/meli the man at the ~ rubani; (fig) kiongozi the ~ of state Serikali. ~s man rubani. helmet n helmeti: kofia ya chuma/plastiki gumu (agh. huvaliwa na wanajeshi, wazima moto, wapanda pikipiki n.k.). ~ed adj -enye helmeti. helot n 1 mtumwa. 2 (fig) hohehahe. help n 1 msaada, auni, muawana. be of ~ (to somebody); be (of) any/much/some ~ (to somebody) saidia mtu fulani it wasn't much ~ haikusaidia sana. lend somebody one's ~ -pa mtu msaada his public lecture was a great ~ to us mhadhara bayana wake ulikuwa (wa) msaada mkubwa kwetu. 2 a ~ msaada/mtu anayesaidia, mtumishi wa kutwa wa nyumbani, msaidizi my ~ is sick today mtumishi wangu yu mgonjwa leo. 3 njia, dawa there's no ~ for it hakuna dawa/njia ya kuweza kusaidia, haikwepeki. ~ful adj -enye msaada; -a kusaidia. ~fully adv. ~fulness n. ~less adj 1 bila msaada. 2 -siojiweza. ~lessly adv.~lessness n. ~er n. msaidizi. ~ing n mpakuo mmoja wa mlo a ~ of rice and chicken mpakuo wa wali na kuku. vt,vi 1 saidia, auni that won't ~ hiyo haisaidii he knows how to ~ himself anajua jinsi ya kujisaidia ~ somebody across saidia mtu kuvuka (mto     helter-skelter   n.k.). ~ down saidia kuteremsha/ endeleza. ~ in saidia kuingia (garini n.k.) ~ off/or with his coat saidia kuvua/kuvaa koti. ~ out toa msaada, kwamua. ~ up saidia mtu (kupanda ngazi n.k.). 2 ~ somebody/oneself (to something) (ji)gawia chakula, vinywaji n.k. he ~ ed me to some food alinigawia chakula ~ yourself to some drinks jihudumie vinywaji mwenyewe (kwa kiasi chako). 3 zuia/jizuia; epuka/ epusha; acha I could't ~ laughing sikuweza kujizuia kucheka I cannot ~ doing it siwezi kuacha kufanya it can't be ~ed haizuiliki. 4 So ~ me God (in an oath) Mungu nisaidie. ~ mate/meet n mwenzi (hasa mke na mume). helter-skelter adv shaghalabaghala; harakaharaka n kitelezi msokoto kirefu (agh. katika uwanja wa maonyesho ya biashara). helve n mpini (hasa wa shoka). hem1 n pindo. ~ming stitch n mshono mficho. ~ stitching n pindo/rembo. ~ming line n pindo hasa la gauni/ sketi. ~ming slip n mshono mficho. vt 1 pinda. 2 ~ about/around/in funga; zunguka, zingira; zuia the street boys were ~med in by the police watoto wazururaji walizingirwa na polisi. hem2 interj h'm sauti ya kukohoa (ya kuonyesha wasiwasi au ubishi au kuvuta usikivu). vi 1 kohoa. 2 kohoa (kuvuta usikivu). 3 kokota maneno. hematite, haematite n mtapo chuma. hemi (pref) nusu. ~sphere n 1 nusu tufe/mviringo. 2 nusu ya dunia. the Eastern ~sphere n (Ulaya, Asia, Africa). the Western ~sphere n Amerika Kaskazini na Kusini. the Northern/Southern ~sphere n Kaskazini/Kusini mwa ikweta. hemo/haemo adj -a damu. ~globin n himoglobini. ~philia n. hemofilia: ugonjwa wa damu kutoganda. ~philiac n. ~rrhage n hemoraji:     herald   kutoa/utokaji wa damu. ~rrhoids n bawasiri, puru. hemp n 1 katani. Indian ~ n bangi. ~en adj -a katani ~ rope kamba ya katani. hen n 1 kuku; (ready to lay) tembe; (laying) koo. ~ bane n dawa ya usingizi. ~-coop n tundu la kuku. ~-house n banda la kuku agh. la miti. ~-party n (colloq) tafrija ya wanawake pekee. ~-pecked adj mtu anayetawaliwa na mkewe. ~-roost n 1 kituo cha kuku usiku. 2 ndege jike. guinea-~ n kanga jike. pea ~ n tausi jike. hence adv (formal) 1 kuanzia hapa; tangu sasa a month ~ mwezi mmoja tangu sasa. 2 kwa hiyo, kwa sababu hiyo. ~forth; ~-forward adv tangu sasa na kuendelea. 3 (poet rhet) toka! ondoka! henchman n kibaraka, mfuasi bubu/ mnyenyekevu. henna n 1 hina. 2 (plant) mhina. ~ed adj -liopakwa hina. hepatitis n (med) homa ya manjano (inayoashiriwa na ini kuvimba). hepatic adj -a maini. hepta (pref) saba. ~gon n pembesaba. ~gonal adj. her pron (fem) (3rd p. sing obj) give ~ the pencil mpe kalamu; (poss. adj) -ake that is ~ book kile ni kitabu chake. ~self (refl pron) yeye mwenyewe she is ~ self again amerudia hali yake ya kawaida she came by ~self amekuja mwenyewe she lives by ~self anaishi peke yake. ~s poss. pron (fem.). this book is ~s kitabu hiki ni chake. herald n 1 (hist) mpiga mbiu; mtabiri; kijumbe. 2 dalili, ishara clouds are a ~ of rain mawingu ni dalili ya mvua. 3 mhifadhi majina ya nasaba ya jamaa vt tangaza, ashiria, piga mbiu. ~ic adj -a nasaba. ~ry n elimu ya nembo, unasaba na historia ya koo za kale.  herb  herb n mimea ya msimu/viungo; mitishamba medicinal ~s mitishamba. ~aceous adj -a mimea, -a mitishamba, -enye mimea. ~age n majani mateke. ~al adj -a mitishamba. ~alist n mtaalamu wa mitishamba. ~arium n hebaria: mahali pa kuhifadhia mimea iliyokaushwa. ~icide n sumu ya mimea/majani. ~ivorous adj -enye kula majani. Herr n (German) Bwana. herring n heringi: aina ya samaki majichumvi. ~-bone n (sewing) mshono mwibasamaki. hertz n (phys) hezi: kipimo cha mzunguko mmoja kwa nukta. ~ian adj (phys) -a hezi. ~ian wave n sumakuumeme. hesitate vi sita don't ~ to usisite; usiwe na wahaka. hesitant adj -enye kusita; -enye wasiwasi, -a wahaka. hesitantly adv. hesitance; hesitancy n. hesitation n kusita; wasiwasi without the slightest hesitation bila ya kusita; bila ya wasiwasi wowote. hessian n kitambaa-katani (nguo nzito

ya katani au juti kama gunia). hetero pref anuwai/mbalimbali; kinyume, tafauti. ~dox adj -enye kufuata imani tafauti na wingi wa watu. ~doxy n. ~geneous adj tafauti/tafauti/aina aina/mbalimbali. ~geneity n. ~sexual adj -a kuvutiwa na mtu wa jinsi tafauti. het-up adj -liosisimkwa, -liopagawa, -liochaga. heuristic adj -a nadharia ya kujifunza kwa uvumbuzi, -a kubahatisha njia ya kufumbua matatizo kwa kujaribujaribu. hew vt,vi 1 ~ down/away/off tema, kata. ~ down a tree kata mti; (colloq) ~ somebody to pieces katakata. 2 chonga ~n timber mbao zilizochongwa. 3 pata kwa shida/juhudi kubwa ~ out a career for oneself jipatia kazi kwa shida na juhudi kubwa. ~er n (colloq) mkata miti (colloq) ~ers of wood and drawers of water watu wafanyao kazi ngumu, watwana, makabwela, wavuja jasho. hex n uchawi. put the ~ on roga. hexagon n pembe sita. ~al adj. hey int ala! we! hey-day n wakati wa ushababi/ uraha/neema. hi interj halo! mambo? hiatus n ufa, pengo; pungufu. hibernate vi 1 bumbwaa (ili kupitisha majira magumu). 2 kaa bila kazi. hibernation n. hibiscus n haibiskasi (ua jamii ya bamia). hiccup;hiccough vi -wa na kwikwi. n kwikwi. hick n, adj (sl. deroq) mshamba. hid pt of hide1. hidden pp of hide1. hide1 vt,vi 1 ~ (from) jificha; ficha kitu the stars were hidden by the clouds nyota zilifichwa na mawingu. 2 jificha don't ~ usijifiche. ~ and seek n kibe n (US = blind) maficho ya wapiga picha/wawindaji. ~out/away n maficho. hiding n     high   (used of persons) be in/go into hiding enda mafichoni; jificha. come out of hiding toka mafichoni hiding place maficho. hide2 n 1 ngozi ya mnyama (iliyotengenezwa tayari kwa kuuzwa). 2 (colloq) ngozi ya binadamu. save one's ~ jinusurisha (kutokana na adhabu au kipigo). tan somebody's ~ piga mtu. ~-bound adj -enye akili finyu; -enye kufuata/kushikilia sana sheria, mila, desturi n.k. hiding n kipigo give somebody a good hiding piga mtu barabara. hideous adj hunde, -enye sura mbaya sana; -a kutisha. ~ly adv. hie vi (arch or joc) enda chapuchapu. hierarchy n mfumo wa ngazi/ tabaka/msonge za madaraka, utawala msonge; kundi la watu wenye mamlaka; kundi la maaskofu (nchini); uongozi wa kikasisi. hierarchic(al) adj. hieroglyph n 1 hieroglifu: picha inayowakilisha neno; sauti au silabi iliyotumiwa katika maandiko ya Wamisri wa kale n.k. 2 alama ya siri isiyoeleweka. ~ics n maandiko ya hieroglifu adj -a maandiko ya hieroglifu. hi-fi n, adj (colloq abbr.of) high fidelity see high higgle higgle vi bishana, shindania jambo. ~dy-piggledy adj,adv -a hobela- hobela, hobelahobela n fujo. high adj 1 -juu, -refu (kwa kwenda juu) The clouds are ~ in the sky mawingu yako juu angani Kilimanjaro is the ~est mountain in Africa Kilimanjaro ndio mlima mrefu kabisa barani Afrika. ~ and dry adj (of a ship) -liokwama; nje ya maji; (fig) -liopitwa na wakati, -liotelekezwa, -liotengwa. (do something) with a ~ hand fanya jambo kwa kiburi. 2 -kuu, -a juu; muhimu. a ~ official n afisa wa cheo cha juu ~ society tabaka la     high   juu. the Most ~ (in the Bible) Mungu. ~ and low watu wa matabaka yote katika jumuia, watu wote. 3 (of sounds) kali; -a kidato cha juu speak in ~ tone ongea kwa sauti kali ya kidato cha juu. 4 -a juu; kali; kubwa. ~ prices n bei kubwa/ya juu. ~ words n maneno makali. ~ living n maisha ya juu; anasa. 5 ~ time n wakati wa kufanya jambo it is ~ time you left wakati wa kuondoka umewadia, afadhali ufunge virago! 6 -enye heshima, ema, adili(fu) a girl of ~ character msichana mwenye tabia njema. ~ ideals n maadili mema. 7 H~ Church n Kanisa la Anglikana la UMCA (ambalo huwapa maaskofu na mapadri mamlaka ya kutoa sakramenti). H~-Churchman n muumini wa kanisa. 8 (of food esp. meat and game) -liovunda. 9 (colloq) -liolewa, -levi. 10 (colloq) -liolewa bangi/madawa. 11 n kiwango cha juu. from (on) ~ kutoka mbinguni the income reached a new ~ this year mapato yalifikia kiwango cha juu mwaka huu. 12 (compounds) ~ ball n (US) pombe kali na soda au maji (ndani ya glasi ndefu). ~est bidder n mzabuni wa juu. ~ born adj -a uzao bora, hababuu. ~boy n (US) kabati refu lenye saraka. ~brow n, adj (person) -enye (mambo) makuu (agh. hutumiwa kwa kudharau). ~ chair n kiti kirefu cha mtoto. ~-class adj daraja la kwanza/juu. ~ colour n (of complexion) rangi nyekundu iliyokolea. H~ Commissioner n Balozi wa nchi ya Jumuia ya Madola katika nchi nyingine ya Jumuiya ya Madola. ~ Court n Mahakama Kuu. ~ day n (only in) ~ days and holidays sikukuu. ~ explosive n baruti kali yenye mshindo mkubwa. ~ falutin adj (colloq) -a mbwembwe. ~ fidelity n. adj (abbr.hi-fi) (of radios,     high   records, tapes etc) -enye kutoa sauti safi. ~-flier;flyer n mtu mwenye tamaa kubwa ya kufanikiwa katika maisha. ~ flown adj -enye makeke, -enye majisifu/ mbwembwe. ~ flying adj (fig) (of persons) -enye tamaa sana. ~ frequency n (abbr. hf) -a masafa marefu. H~ German n Kijerumani sanifu. ~-grade adj -a daraja ya juu. ~-handed adj onevu, -dhalimu. ~-handedly adv. ~hat adj, n fidhuli, -enye makuu. vt dharau, dhalilisha. the ~ jump n kuruka juu. be for the ~ jump (sl) stahili adhabu kali you'll be for the ~ jump utaipata, utakiona. ~ keyed adj (of sound) kali; (fig) -enye mpapatiko. ~land n milimani, uwanda wa juu. ~-level adj (attrib only) (of conferences etc) -a ngazi ya juu. ~ life n (a) maisha ya kisasa na ya anasa (in W. Africa) hailaifu: mtindo wa muziki na dansi. ~ light n (usu pl) sehemu ya picha yenye kuakisi wanga; (fig) sehemu yenye kuvutia au kuonekana waziwazi vt sisitizia; -pa umuhimu. ~ Mass n (in R.C. Church) Misa kuu. ~-minded adj -enye msimamo, -enye maadili. ~-mindedly adv. ~-mindedness n. ~-necked adj (of a dress) -a kukaba roho. ~-pitched adj (of sounds) -kali, (of roof) -a paa -liochongoka. ~-powered adj -enye juhudi, -enye nguvu nyingi. ~-pressure n kanieneo ya juu; (fig) shupavu, -enye juhudi. ~-priced adj ghali. ~ priest n kuhani mkuu. ~-principled adj -enye msimamo, nyofu. ~-ranking n adj (of officers) -enye cheo cha juu. ~ rise adj maghohorofa marefu. ~road n barabara kuu, (fig) njia ya moja kwa moja. H~ school n sekondari ya juu. the ~ seas n bahari kuu. ~- sounding adj (of style) -enye kuvutia; -a mbwembwe. ~-spirited adj   hijack  changamfu, -epesi, kunjufu; (of a horse) -enye kwenda mbio. ~ spot n tukio muhimu. ~ street n barabara kuu/muhimu (katika mji). ~ table n meza kuu. ~ tea n mchanganyiko wa chai na chakula cha jioni. ~-tension adj (electric) -enye volteji kubwa. ~ tide n maji kujaa, maji makuu. ~ toned adj -a juu (katika jamii au kisomo). ~ treason n uhaini. ~ up n (colloq) mtu mashuhuri; mtu wa cheo cha juu. ~ water n see ~tide. ~-water mark n alama yenye kuonyesha kikomo cha juu cha maji kujaa; (fig) upeo wa mafanikio. ~way n; ~ road barabara kuu. H~ way Code n kanuni/sheria za barabara. ~-way-man n haramia, mnyang'anyi adv juu (lit,fig) lipa bei kubwa. live ~ ishi kitajiri (kwa vinono na vinywaji kochokocho). fly ~ (fig) -wa na tamaa kubwa. hold one's head ~ jiamini, jiona. run ~ (of the sea) kabiliwa na mkondo mkali na maji makuu; (of the feelings) chacharika. search/look/hunt ~ and low (for something) tafuta kila mahali. ~ly adv sana he spoke ~ ly of her alimsifu sana. ~ ness n 1 (opposite of lowness) hali/sifa ya juu. 2 (title) Mstahiki, mtukufu. hijack (also high-jack) vt teka nyara. ~er n mteka nyara. hike vi (colloq) tembea umbali mrefu (kwa burudani). n matembezi marefu. ~r n mtembeaji wa masafa marefu. hitch-~ vi (colloq abbr hitch) omba lifti. hilarious adj -a kikwakwa. hilarity n kikwakwa. ~ly adv. hill n 1 kilima. ~ side n ubavuni mwa kilima a steep ~ kilima kikali. ~ top n juu ya kilima, kilele cha kilima. 2 mwinuko. 3 ant~ n kichuguu. ~y adj -enye vilima. ~-billy n (colloq often used derog, in SE of the US) mshamba, mkulima, mfanya kazi wa     hint   shambani/wa milimani; (attrib) -a wakulima wa milimani. hillock n kiduta. hilt n mpini, (wa upanga, sime au jambia n.k.). (up) to the ~ kabisa. him pers pron yeye (mwanamume); yule give it to ~ mpe that's ~ ndiye hasa (yeye). ~self pron 1 (reflex) mwenyewe (mwanaume) the injured man came to ~self mtu aliyeumia alipata fahamu tena he found ~ self in the ditch alijikuta shimoni. (all) by ~self peke yake; bila msaada he lives by ~self anaishi peke yake. 2 (emph) mwenyewe did you see the Director ~self? ulimwona Mkurugenzi mwenyewe? 3 hali ya kawaida (ya mtu) he is not ~self today hayupo katika hali yake ya kawaida leo. hind1 n paa jike. hind2 adj -a nyuma ~ legs miguu ya nyuma (ya mnyama). ~ quarters n (of mutton or beef) nyama ya miguu ya nyuma na kiuno. ~most adj -a nyuma kabisa; -a mwisho. ~sight n utambuzi (baada ya jambo kutokea). hinder vt zuia ~ somebody from doing something zuia mtu kufanya kitu fulani; (delay) kawilisha, chelewesha. ~ance n kizuizi, kipingamizi. Hindi n, adj (of a language) Kihindi; -a Kihindi. Hindu n Baniani, Mhindu. ~ism n dini ya Kibaniani/Kihindu. ~stani adj -a Kihindustani. n Kihindustani (mojawapo ya lugha za Kihindi). hinge n bawaba; (fig) kiini cha jambo; kanuni kuu (ya jambo fulani) his mind is off its ~s (or un~d) ana wazimu. vt,vi 1 pigilia bawaba. 2 ~ on/upon tegemea. hint n dokezo. drop (somebody) a ~ dokeza kwa kufumbia. take a ~ tambua na kufanya lililodokezwa. vt,vi 1 ~ (to hinterland   somebody) dokeza. 2 ~ at gusia, dokezea. hinterland n bara. hip1 n nyonga. smite ~ and thigh shinda sana. ~-bath n kipipa ambacho kinamfika mtu kwenye nyonga. ~-bone n (biol) mfupa wa nyonga. ~-pocket n mfuko wa pembeni (mwa suruali n.k.). ~-flask n chupa ndogo (ya brandi) inayochukuliwa katika mifuko ya nyonga. hip2 n tunda la waridi mwitu. hip3 adj (also hep) (sl) kisasa, -nayofuata mambo/ mitindo ya kisasa. hippie n see hippy. hippo n (colloq abbr of hippo potamus). Hippocratic adj ~ oath kiapo cha uaminifu cha madaktari. hippodrome n (in ancient Greece and Rome) kiwanja cha mashindano ya magari ya kukokotwa. hippopotamus n kiboko. hippy;hippie n (late 1960s) hipi, mwasi wa mila/utamaduni. hire vt ~ (out) kodi; kodisha; panga; pangisha ~out boats kodisha mashua; kodi. n kodi, malipo ya kukodisha/kupangisha. for ~ kwa ajili ya kukodishwa. (pay for/buy) on ~ purchase bandika, (lipa/ nunua) kwa polepole; mkopo. ~ling n (derog) mfanyakazi wa kukodiwa; mamluki. hirsute adj -enye nywele kuruwili; -enye nywele na ndevu ndefu na za matimutimu. his adj, pron -ake (mwanamume) a friend of ~ rafiki yake. hiss vi,vt 1 fanya sss kama nyoka. 2 ~ (off); ~ (at) fanya zii! zomea. n 1 sauti ya sss kama ya mlio wa nyoka. 2 sauti ya zii! history n 1 historia. make ~ fanya kitendo/jambo la kihistoria. ancient ~ n historia ya kale; hadithi ya zamani. modern ~ n historia ya sasa (kuanzia 1453). 2 maelezo ya     hit   matukio ya zamani. 3 matukio yanayohusishwa na mtu au kitu the inner ~of an affair undani wa jambo. 4 natural ~ n elimu viumbe; maelezo yenye mpango kuhusu hali za maisha. historian n mtaalamu wa historia, mwanahistoria. historic adj -a kihistoria, -enye kukumbukwa katika historia, -enye umuhimu kihistoria. historic times n nyakati ambazo historia yake ipo na imerekodiwa. historical adj 1 -a historia; si -a hadithi tu. historical events n matukio ya kihistoria halisi; -sio ya kufikiria tu. 2 -a kuhusiana na historia. historically adv. historicity n tabia ya historia, uhalisi wa matukio. historiographer n mwandishi wa historia. historiography n uandishi wa historia. histrionic adj 1 tamthilia/thieta/ uigizaji. 2 -a unafiki, -a uwongo. ~s n 1 maigizo (ya kwenye thieta). 2 tabia za kitamthilia au kithieta (hasa zilizotiwa chumvi). hit vt,vi 1 piga; gonga ~ somebody on the head piga mtu kichwani. ~ a man when he is down; ~ a man below the belt fanya kinyume cha sheria za masumbwi; (fig) shinda kwa hila. ~ it; ~ the nail on the head pata, patia kabisa. ~ it off (with somebody togather) patana. ~-and-run attrib adj (of a road accident) -a kugonga mtu na kukimbia. 2 ~ somebody hard hasiri. 3 pata, fikia. ~ the right path pata njia. ~ the head lines (colloq of news) pewa umuhimu wa kwanza katika gazeti; vuma sana gazetini. ~ the road (colloq) anza safari. 4 piga. ~ out (against) piga kwa nguvu; (fig) shambulia kwa nguvu. 5 ~ on/upon something pata kwa bahati/bila kutegemea. 6 ~ something/ somebody off (colloq) elezea kwa kifupi na kwa usahihi; dokeza. n 1     hitch   pigo. ~ man n (sl) mtu anayelipwa ili aue. 2 ushindi. ~ songs n nyimbo zinazovuma/zinazosifika sana. make a ~ (with somebody) (colloq) pendeza sana mtu; penya moyoni. ~ parade n orodha ya rekodi mashuhuri zinazouzika sana. 3 utani mkali, kebehi, dhihaka. hitch vt,vi 1 ~ something up vuta. 2 funga; fungia; nasa ~ a horse to a fence fungia farasi bomani. 3 (also-hike) ~ (a ride/lift) (colloq) omba lifti/msaada wa gari. n 1 mvuto; kumbo. 2 fundo. 3 kikwazo. hither adv (old use) huku. ~-to adv mpaka sasa. HIV (abbr) kirusi kinachoondosha kinga ya mwili/kinachosababisha UKIMWI be ~positive wa na Ukimwi. hive n 1 (also bee~) mzinga wa nyuki; nyuki walio mzingani. 2 mahali penye watu wengi wanaoshughulika. vt,vi 1 kusanya nyuki katika mzinga. 2 ingia mzingani; ishi pamoja kama nyuki. ~ off (from) (fig) jitenga (na kuwa chombo kinachojitegemea); gawa na fanya huru. hives n ugonjwa wa mabaka ngozini. hoar adj (liter) (of hair) -a mvi, (of a person) -enye mvi. ~frost n jalidi. ~y adj -enye mvi (kwa uzee); zee sana. ~iness n. hoard n akiba; hodhi; hazina. vt,vi ~ (up) weka akiba; hodhi. ~er n. (US bill board) (often temporary) ua wa mbao (unaotumika kwa matangazo). hoarse adj 1 (of voice) -liopwelea, -a madende. 2 (of a person) -enye sauti iliyopwelea, -enye madende. ~ly adv. ness n. hoax n mzaha, shere, dhihaka; hila. vt dhihaki, cheza shere, fanyia mzaha; danganya kimzaha. hob n bamba la chuma juu ya moto jikoni. hobble vt,vi 1 chechemea; chopea, pecha. 2 funga miguu miwili ya     hoi polloi   mnyama (k.m. punda/farasi) ili asiende mbali n mwendo wa kuchopea. ~ skirt n sketi inayobana sana (inayomzuia mvaaji kutembea vizuri). hobby n 1 jambo alipendalo mtu; jambo la kupitishia muda (kwa kujiburudisha). 2 (arch) farasi mdogo. ~-horse n farasi wa mbao (wa kuchezea/kwenye bembea), farasi wa fito au matete; (fig) (of conversation etc) mada anayoipenda mtu na anayoirudia rudia. hobgoblin n pepo mbaya. hobnail n njumu. ~ed adj (of boots etc ) -enye njumu. hob-nob vi ~ (together) (with somebody) suhubiana (na); fanya urafiki (na). hobo (US sl) mzururaji. Hobson's choice n see choice. hock1 n goti la mguu wa nyuma wa mnyama. hock2 vt (sl) weka rehani. n in ~ rehani. hockey n hoki: mpira wa magongo. ice ~ n hoki ya barafuni. ~ stick n kigoe cha mpira wa magongo. hocus-pocus n mrogonyo, udanganyifu. vt,vi rogonya, vunga, chezea. hod n chano, karai. hodge-podge n see hotch-potch. hoe n jembe. vt, vi lima; palilia (kwa jembe). Dutch ~ n jembe la kusukuma. hog n nguruwe; (fig) mtu mchafu/ mlafi/mchoyo. go the whole ~ fanya kitu kwa ukamilifu. ~-wash n makombo, rojorojo; (fig) (esp of something said or written) -sio na maana, upuuzi. vt,vi chukua/-la zaidi ya unavyotakiwa; chukua/-la kwa ulafi na uchoyo. ~ish adj lafi na -enye choyo. hogshead n 1 pipa kubwa, (hasa la kutilia pombe). 2 kipimo cha lita 240. hoi polloi n (derog) the ~ n (pej)     hoist   makabwela, polo. hoist vt inua, pandisha kwa roda. ~ a sail tweka tanga. n chombo/kifaa cha kuinulia/kupandishia; roda; (colloq) kuvuta, kusukuma. give somebody a ~ sukuma/vuta mtu ili kumsaidia kupanda. hoity-toity adj (colloq) -enye kichwa kikubwa, -enye maringo/kujidai don't be so ~ usiwe na kiburi, usijidai. hold1 vt,vi 1 shika, kamata. ~oneself well jiweka imara; simama vizuri. ~ the line shikilia simu. 2 zuia. ~ one's breath zuia pumzi (kwa woga n.k.). ~ one's fire acha kupiga risasi kwa muda. ~ one's tongue/peace nyamaza, kaa kimya. there is no ~ing somebody/ something haizuiliki, haiwezekani kumzuia/kuzuia. 3 shikilia. ~ oneself in readiness (for) jitayarishe (kwa hatari), kaa tayari (kwa dharura). ~ one's sides with laughter shikilia mbavu, cheka sana/vunjika mbavu. 4 weka; -wa na uwezo wa kuweka; chukua this tank ~s 30 litres tangi hili linaweza kuweka lita 30. (not) ~ water (isiyo) kubalika. ~ something in one's head kumbuka. 5 fanya watu wasikilize, sisimua the speaker held his audience spellbound msemaji aliwasisimua wasikilizaji wake. 6 ona; chukulia, amini. ~ somebody in high/low esteem heshimu/dharau mtu. ~ something dear/cheap kuza/shusha thamani ya kitu, thamini sana/ kidogo. 7 linda; shikilia. ~ the fort (fig) -wa na madaraka mwenyewe anapoondoka. ~ one's ground simama tisti. ~ one's own kacha, -torudi nyuma. 8 fanya, anzisha, endesha ~ a meeting fanya mkutano. ~ court (fig) karibisha, starehesha, kubali kuwa na maongezi na (washabiki/ wapenzi). 9 -wa na haki ya, miliki. 10 -endelea vizuri. 11 shika nafasi. office ~er n mwenye ofisi. 12     hold   himili, beba the new car ~s the road well gari hili jipya linahimili barabara. 13 (uses with adverbial particles and preps). ~ something against acha kitu kiathiri wazo la mtu don't ~ his political views against him usimchukulie kuwa na makosa kwa sababu ya mawazo/ msimamo wake kisiasa. ~ back sita. ~ somebody/something back fanya mtu/kitu kisite; zuia; (of secret) ficha. ~somebody/ something down shikilia; kandamiza. ~ a job down (colloq) dumu kazini (kwa kuonyesha uwezo). ~ forth sema kwa kujikweza; jigamba; hubiri. ~ something forth toa; pendekeza. ~ something in zuia ~ in one's temper jizuia (hasira). ~ off jitenga, kaa/baki mbali; chelewesha. ~ somebody/ something off zuia mtu/kitu mbali. ~ on simama imara (kwenye matatizo/hatari); (usu imper) acha ~ on a minute acha kwanza kidogo! ~ on to shikilia; -tokubali kutoa mali n.k.. ~ something on shikilia; weka bolts and nuts ~ the wheels on parafujo na nati hizi vinashikilia magurudumu mahali pake. ~ out shikilia; -tojisalimisha; dumu, endela kuwepo; (of hand) nyosha the workers are still ~ing out for higher wages wafanyakazi bado wanaendelea kudai mishahara ya juu. ~ out on kataa kupatana/ kushirikiana. ~ somebody/ something out wa na mtu/kitu; toa. ~ something over ahirisha. ~ something over somebody tumia kitu kutisha; tishia. ~ to something fanya mtu atimize ahadi/mkataba, shikilia kuwa mwaminifu kwa; endelea kushikilia. ~ somebody to something fanya mtu aweke ahadi n.k.. ~ somebody (up) to ransom shikilia mtu mateka (ili kudai vitu     hold   mbalimbali). ~ together shikamana. ~ somebody/ something together fanya ishikamane. ~ somebody/ something up shika, zuia; chelewesha; shikilia kwa nguvu/vitisho (ili kuibia n.k.). ~ up n ushikiliaji wa nguvu, wizi; fanya kuwa mfano. ~ somebody up to derision/scorn/ ridicule dhihaki mtu. ~ with something kubali. hold2 n 1 mshiko; kushika; uwezo wa kushika. 2 amri, madaraka he has great ~ over him ana madaraka makubwa juu yake. 3 mahali pa kushikia. 4 (boxing and wrestling) mashiko. ~all n begi kubwa la kubebea nguo. ~er n 1 kishikizi, kishikilia. 2 mwenye madaraka; mpangaji; mmiliki; mshikaji. ~ing n kiwanja, shamba; umilikaji (agh wa ardhi). small ~ ing n shamba dogo. ~ing company n kampuni mama. hold3 n sehemu ya meli ya kuwekea mizigo. hole n 1 tundu, shimo. make a ~ in tumia kiasi kikubwa cha the hospital charges made a large ~ in his savings gharama za hospitali zilipunguza kiasi kikubwa cha akiba yake. pick ~s in tafuta kosa. a square peg in a round ~ mtu asiyefaa katika cheo fulani. 2 (colloq) hali ngumu, mbaya; hali ovyo ovyo. 3 shimo la mnyama; (fig) maficho; pango. ~-and-corner adj (colloq attrib) -a chinichini, -a siri. 4. (golf) goli; pointi za magoli. vt,vi 1 toboa. 2 ~ (out) tia mpira (wa gofu) shimoni. ~ up (sl) jificha. holiday n 1 sikukuu; siku ya mapumziko. 2 (often pl) (US vacation) likizo. ~-maker n mtu aliye likizoni; mtalii. Holiness n utakatifu, uwalii. His/ Your H ~Baba Mtakatifu. holistic adj 1 -a jumla; -enye     holystone   kujali/chukulia kitu kizima/chote badala ya sehemu za kitu a ~ approach mkabala wa jumla. 2 (medical) tiba ya mgonjwa. holler vt,vi (sl) piga makelele. holloa interj halo. hollow adj 1 tupu; -a wazi. ~ ware n kibia. 2 (of sounds) sauti kama itokeayo sehemu wazi/shimoni. 3 (fig) -enye hila; ongo, nafiki ~ victory ushindi wa kirahisi mno. 4 -a kuingia ndani; -a kubonyea. ~ eyed adj -enye macho ndani. 5 (colloq; as adv) beat somebody ~shinda hasa, kabisa. n shimo; kibonde. vt ~ (out) fukua; komba. holly n mholi: mti wenye majani yaliyo na ncha kali. Hollywood n makao makuu ya utengenezaji filamu Marekani. holm n kisiwa kidogo katika mto (hasa wakati wa mafuriko). holm-oak n mwaloni. holocaust n maangamizi makuu (hasa ya watu kwa kuchomwa moto, mabomu n.k.) a nuclear ~ maangamizi ya watu kwa bomu la nyuklia. holograph n holografu: maandishi yaliyoandikwa na mtu mwenyewe. holster n mfuko wa bastola. holy adj 1 -takatifu; -a kuhusiana na Mungu/dini. the H~ Bible; H-Writ n Biblia Takatifu. the H~ Land n nchi ya Palestina. the H~ City n Yerusalemu. H~ Week n Juma la Mateso. H~ Communion n Komunyo; Ekaristi Takatifu. H~ Father n Baba Mtakatifu. ~ ground n sehemu takatifu. ~ water n maji ya uzima. a ~ war n jihad, vita vya kidini. 2 -a kumcha Mungu a ~ man mcha Mungu live a ~ life ishi kwa kumcha Mungu. 3 a ~ terror n (sl) mtoto mtundu. n the H~ of Holies n chumba/ mahali patakatifu, takatifu; (fig) mahali popote patakatifu. holystone n jiwe la mchanga laini la kusugulia meli/sitaha ya meli. vt     homage   sugua (kwa mchanga). homage n 1 heshima kuu. do/pay ~ (to somebody) toa heshima. 2 (in feudal times) heshima, utiifu kwa mtawala. homburg n kofia laini. home n 1 nyumbani, makazi, maskani. at ~ nyumbani; (football, etc) uwanja wa nyumbani. the ~ team n timu ya wenyeji/nyumbani; (of invitation) -wa nyumbani (kupokea wageni). at ~ n tafrija ya nyumbani (ambayo wageni wanatarajiwa kufika wakati maalum). not at ~ (to) -tokaribisha/-topokea wageni. make oneself/be/ feel/ at~ starehe, ondosha ugeni; jisikia nyumbani. at ~ in zoea. be ~ and dry (colloq) fanikiwa. a ~ from ~ mahali mtu anapojisikia yu mwenyeji. nothing to write ~ about (colloq) hakuna cha ajabu/maana. 2 kituo cha wasiojiweza. 3 (often attrib) maisha ya kifamilia. ~ economics n sayansi kimu. ~ help n (GB) mtu aliyeajiriwa kusaidia wasiojiweza. 4 (see habitat) maskani, makazi asilia. 5 (in sport and in various games) golini; kituoni. (baseball) the ~ plate n kituo cha nyumbani. ~ run mzunguko wa mpigo mmoja. the ~ straight/stretch n mwisho wa mbio fulani. 6 (attrib) one's ~ town makazi ya kudumu. Ministry for H ~ Affairs n wizara ya mambo ya ndani. 7 (compounds) ~-baked adj -liopikwa/ -liotenge nezwa nyumbani. ~ brewed adj pombe iliyotengenezwa nyumbani/ya kienyeji. ~coming n kurudi nyumbani. ~cured adj (of food esp bacon) -liokaushwa nyumbani. the ~ front n raia (wakati wa vita). ~grown adj (of food) -liopandwa/-liozalishwa nchini. ~ guard n mwanamgambo wa Uingereza (1940-57). ~land n nchi ya asili. ~ made adj (of bread, cakes, etc.) -liotengenezwa     homo   nyumbani. ~ Rule n utawala wa wananchi wenyewe. ~sick adj -a kutamani/kukumbuka nyumbani. ~spun adj nguo iliyofumwa kwa mkono; -a nyumbani. ~stead n nyumba iliyozungukwa na shamba; (US) shamba lililotolewa na serikali kwa kuishi na kulima. ~ thrust n shambulio (kwa silaha au maneno) la nguvu. ~truth n ukweli unaouma. ~work n kazi ya nyumbani, zoezi (kwa mwanafunzi) la kufanyiwa nyumbani; (colloq) matayarisho (ya majadiliano, kuandika ripoti n.k.). ~ less adj -sio na makazi like ~ -a kama nyumbani. ~ward adj -a kuelekea nyumbani. ~ward(s) adv kwa kuelekea nyumbani adv 1 nyumbani, nchini. 2 hasa, barabara. bring something/come ~ to somebody fahamisha barabara. drive a point/an argument ~ eleza barabara. ~ly adj 1 -a kawaida a ~ meal mlo wa kawaida. 2 -a kama nyumbani, -a kukumbusha mtu nyumbani kwao. ~liness n (US) (also of people, their features) -siovutia. ~y (also homy) adj (US colloq) -a kama nyumbani. homing adj (of pigeons) -enye silika ya kurudi nyumbani; (of torpedoes, missiles) -enye uwezo wa kufikia shabaha iliyolengwa. homicide n uuaji wa binadamu; muuaji wa binadamu. ~ squad n (US) kikosi cha upelelezi wa mauaji hayo. homicidal adj. homily n hotuba, mahubiri, waadhi. homiletic adj. homiletics n ustadi wa kuhutubia, kuhubiri. hominy n uji. homo1 n (lat) mtu. ~ sapiens n ukoo safu wa kisasa, binadamu. homo2 (pref) -a kufanana, -a jinsi moja. ~genous adj (formed of parts) -a jinsi moja. ~geneity n namna moja, hali moja. ~genize vt fanya kuwa -a jinsi moja; suka     homocentric   maziwa (ili kuchanganya mafuta na mtindi). homocentric adj -enye kiinishirika. homoeopathy n tiba inayotoa dalili za ugonjwa (kwa mtu asiye na ugonjwa huo) homoeopath n tabibu wa tiba hiyo. homograph n homografu: neno lenye tahajia sawa na lingine lakini maana au matamshi tofauti. homonym n homonimu: neno linalofanana na jingine lakini lenye maana tofauti. homophone n homofoni: neno linalotamkwa kama jingine lakini tofauti katika tahajia, maana au chanzo. homosexual n basha; msenge adj -a kibasha; kisenge, -enye kuvutiwa na jinsi yake. ~ practices n vitendo vya kibasha (ubasha). ~ity n ubasha; usenge. Hon, (abbr) see honorary; honorable. hone n kinoo, jiwe la kunolea. vt noa. honest adj -aminifu, -nyofu; -a kweli. to be quite ~ about it kusema ule ukweli. make an ~ woman of somebody (dated use) oa mwanamke (baada ya kujamiiana). ~ intention n nia njema. earn an ~ penny pata fedha kihalali. ~ly adv kwa uaminifu. ~y n uaminifu; ukweli. honey n 1 asali ya nyuki. (fig) ~-dew n asali ya mimea; utomvu; tumbaku tamu (tumbaku iliyotiwa asali). 2 (colloq) mpenzi. ~ed adj -a kama asali, tamu kama asali. ~-comb n sega; (piece of) pambo lenye umbo la sega. vt toboa matundu matundu. honeymoon n fungate; (fig) kipindi cha maelewano mazuri mwanzoni mwa shughuli fulani. vt kaa fungate. honk n mlio wa bata bukini mwitu; honi. vt,vi piga/liza honi; lia. honour(US honor) n 1 heshima, utukufu, adhama show ~ to one's parents heshimu, onyesha heshima     honour   kwa wazazi. do somebody ~; do ~ to somebody toa heshima/ heshimu mtu. maid of ~ n mpambe (hasa wa malkia) guard of ~ gwaride la heshima. 2 sifa njema; uaminifu; uadilifu. on one's ~ kwa sifa/uaminifu wake. an affair of ~ (hist) pambano la kutetea hadhi. be/feel (in) ~ bound to do something wajibika (sio kwa sheria). one's word of ~ ahadi, kutimiza jambo. pay/incur a debt of ~ lipa deni kwa heshima. put somebody on his ~ amini mtu. 3 (in polite formulas) kuheshimu, kustahi (mtu). do somebody the ~ of fanyia mtu heshima. have the ~ of/to -wa na heshima ya (formal style) I have the ~to write to you nina heshima kukuandikia. 4 Your/His ~ Mheshimiwa, Mtukufu. 5 an ~ n mtu/jambo lenye kuleta sifa she is an ~to her group yeye ni mfano mzuri kwa kikundi chake. 6 (pl) maadhimisho ya heshima, cheo, nishani. full military ~ n heshima zote za kijeshi (agh. kwa mazishi ya shujaa au kukaribisha kiongozi wa heshima). do the ~s (colloq) (of the table,house etc.) karibisha. 7 (pl) (in universities) nafasi ya juu katika digrii. ~s degree n digrii ya daraja la juu. 8 (in card games) karata ya thamani kubwa. vt 1 heshimu, tukuza, adhimu. 2 (comm) pokea na lipa kwa wakati maalum ~ a debt lipa deni ~ one's signature kiri/kubali sahihi na kulipa fedha. honorary adj 1 (shortened in writing to Hon) (of a position) -sio na malipo the honorary secretary katibu asiyelipwa. 2 (of a degree, rank) -a heshima an honorary member mjumbe wa heshima. honorarium n honoraria, tunzo (isiyodaiwa). honorific adj (of expression) -a heshima. ~ able (US honorable) adj 1 -a heshima, tukufu ~able     hooch   burial mazishi ya heshima. 2 ~able (abbr. Hon) Mheshimiwa. Right ~able (abbr. Rt Hon) jina la heshima kwa wenye vyeo maalum k.m. waziri n.k. ~ably adv. hooch n (US sl) pombe kali. hood n kifuniko; (of rain coats) ukaya; (of universities) skafu; (of cars) kifuniko; (US) boneti. vt (chiefly in pp) -funika na. hoodlum (also hood) n jambazi (la kutisha). hoodoo n (chiefly US) kisirani, ndege mbaya. vt leta mkosi/bahati mbaya. hoodwink vt ~ somebody (into) hadaa. hooey n (sl) upuuzi; puo. hoof n kwato. cattle on the ~ ng'ombe wazima/hai. vt piga kwa kwato; (sl) piga teke. hook n 1 kiopoo. a clothes ~;a crochet ~ n kulabu. a fish ~ n ndoana/chango. ~ line and sinker (from fishing) (fig) kabisa, zimazima, -ote. a fruit ~ n kigoe, upembo. be on the ~ (colloq) -wa/kabiliwa na uamuzi mgumu wa kufanya. be/get off the ~ ondokana na tatizo. ~ nosed adj -enye pua iliyopinda. ~ worm n tegu. 2 (for cutting) nyengo. by ~ or by crook kwa vyovyote vile. 3 (cricket, golf) pigo la kushoto; (boxing) pigo (la) kiko. vt,vi 1 vua; ngoeka, koeka; ~ a quiet husband (fig) koeka mume mpole. 2 tengeneza ndoana/kiopoo. 3 ~ it (sl) toroka. 4 ~-up n (of radio) idhaa mbili au zaidi zenye matangazo ya kufanana; idhaa muungano. ~ed adj 1 -enye umbo la kulabu, -enye viopoo. 2 ~ed (on) (sl) -lioathiriwa na; -liotawaliwa na. ~er n (US sl) malaya. hookah n buruma. hooky;hookey n play ~ v (US sl) toroka (shuleni). hooligan n mhuni. ~ism n uhuni. hoop1 n pete (la chuma/plastiki/mti);     hop   (of circus, game/croquet) duara, gurudumu put somebody/go through the ~(s) (fig) ingiza/pitia katika mateso, sumbua sana; (of a cask) zingirisha bamba mbavuni. hoop2 n see whoop. hooray int see hurrah. hoot n 1 mlio wa bundi. 2 mlio wa honi. 3 sauti ya kuzomea. not care a ~/two ~s (sl) -tojali kabisa. vi,vt 1 piga honi; lia kama bundi. 2 zomea students ~ed and jeered at the teacher wanafunzi walimzomea mwalimu. ~er n king'ora, honi. (sl, GB) pua. Hoover n kivuta vumbi. vt safisha zulia n.k. kwa kivuta vumbi. hooves pl of hoof. hop1 n 1 mhopi: mmea mrefu wa kutambaa. 2 (pl) mbegu za mhopi. ~garden/~field n shamba/bustani ya mhopi. ~-pole n nguzo/waya za kusimamisha mhopi. ~picker; ~per n mchuma mhopi, mashine ya kuchuma mhopi. vi chuma mhopi. hop2 vi,vt 1 (of persons) ruka kwa mguu mmoja, chupa (of other living creatures e.g. frogs) rukaruka. ~ off/it (sl) ondoka, ambaa. ~ping mad adj (colloq) -liokasirika sana, -liofura hasira. 2 vuka dimbwi kwa kuruka. n 1 mruko wa mguu mmoja. on the ~ -a kuchachawa, -a mchachariko . catch somebody on the ~ shughulisha mtu. 2 mruko mfupi, mchupo. ~ skip/step and jump n zoezi la (mchanganyiko wa) kuchupa, kupiga hatua na kuruka; (athletics) miruko mitatu (colloq) densi isiyo rasmi. 3 (flying) kituo katika safari ndefu. ~ scotch n (of children) mchezo wa vipande/ vyumba. ~ped-up adj (US sl) -liochajiwa kupita kiasi,-liozidishiwa nguvu. ~per n chano, mdudu arukaye (k.m. tunutu, panzi n.k.); (in Australia) Kangaruu. ~-light/~-casement n dirisha     hope   lifunguliwalo kwa juu lenye bawabu chini. hope n 1 matumaini; tarajio have ~ of something tarajia kupata kitu. hold out some/no/little/not much ~ (of something) -wa/tokuwa na matarajio ya kitu fulani. be past/beyond ~; not have a ~ -wa bila/ondoa matumaini in the ~ of doing something kwa matarajio ya kufanya jambo fulani. live in ~ (s) of something -wa na matarajio ya kitu fulani. raise somebody's ~s -pa mtu moyo/matumaini. 2 tegemeo, tumaini the village farm was the ~ of the villagers shamba la kijiji lilikuwa ndilo tegemeo la wanakijiji. ~ chest n (US) saraka la vifaa vya harusi (kwa msichana anayetaka kuolewa); (GB see bottom drawer). vt,vi tumaini; tarajia; tegemea I ~ -to do something natarajia kufanya jambo fulani. ~ against ~ endelea kutarajia ingawa matumaini hayapo hoping to hear from you natarajia utawasiliana nami. ~ful adj 1 -enye matumaini. 2 -a kutia/leta matumaini. 3 (as n) (young) ~ful n mtoto anayeelekea kufaulu; tumaini. ~fully adv 1 kwa mategemeo/ matarajio. 2 natarajia; itarajiwe. ~ fulness n. ~less adj 1 -sio na matumaini; -sioleta matumaini. 2 -sioponyeka. ~lessly adv. ~lessness n. horizon n 1 upeo wa macho. 2 (fig) upeo wa fikira, elimu, ujuzi n.k.. ~tal adj -a mlalo, (-a kwenda) sambamba na upeo wa macho. ~ tal bar n mtaimbo wa mlalo. ~tally adv. hormone n homoni. horn n 1 pembe (ya mnyama). 2 kitu/ chombo cha pembe a ~ handle spoon kijiko cha pembe. ~ rimmed adj (of spectacles) -enye fremu ya pembe. a ~ of plenty see cornucopia. 3 (mus) baragumu, siwa, mbiu, gunda. 4 honi a motor     hors de combat   ~ honi ya motakaa. 5 kitu kama pembe (k.m. kichwani mwa konokono). draw in one's ~s tulia; jivuta; jirudi. 6 pembe za mwezi mchanga. on the ~s of a dilemma kabiliwa na uchaguzi mgumu (kati ya vitu viwili visivyopendeza), -tokuwa na uchaguzi wa haja. 7 (compounds) ~ bill n hondohondo ~ blower mpiga baragumu/gunda/siwa. ~pipe n dansi la baharia (la mtu mmoja). vi (sl, only in) ~ in (on) ingia bila kukaribishwa, dukiza, vamia. ~ed adj -enye pembe. a ~ed goat n mbuzi mwenye pembe. ~less adj -sio na pembe. ~like adj -a kama pembe. ~y adj -a pembe; gumu kama pembe, sugu; (sl) -liojaa nyege, mshongo. hornet n nyigu, mavu. stir up a ~s' nest; bring a ~s' nest about one's ears chokoza maadui; jiletea matata. horology n maarifa ya kutengeneza saa, wakati, usanifu saa. horoscope n buruji (hasa kwa kutazama nyota zilivyo mtoto azaliwapo) cast a ~ piga falaki. horoscopy n ufalaki, uaguzi. horrendous adj -a kuogofya, -a kutisha. ~ly adv. horror n kitisho, tisho; chukizo. chamber of ~s n makusanyo ya vitu, vielelezo n.k. vya kutisha/kikatili. strike with ~ ogofya; shtusha. ~ film n filamu ya kutisha. ~ struck/stricken adj -a kutishwa, -a kustushwa. horrible adj 1 -a kuogofya; -a kutisha. 2 (colloq) -baya, -siopendeza. horribly adv. horrid adj 1 -a kutisha. 2 (colloq) -a kuchukiza be horrid to somebody fanyia vibaya, sumbua, chukiza mtu. horridly adv. horridness n. horrific adj (colloq) -a kutisha. horrify vt ogofya, shtusha, tisha. hors de combat pred adj (F) -sioweza kuendelea kupigana (hasa kwa     hors-d'oeurve   sababu ya kujeruhiwa). hors-d'oeurve n pl kuchangamsha kinywa (mwanzo wa mlo). horse n 1 farasi. a dark ~ n mtu ambaye bahati/nyota yake haijajulikana. a ~ of another colour jambo tofauti kabisa. back the wrong ~ unga mkono mshinde katika shindano. be/get on one's high ~ dai/kazania kupewa heshima inayostahili. eat/work like a ~ -la sana/fanya kazi kwa bidii. hold one's ~ taradadi, sita. look a gift ~ in the mouth pokea kitu bila shukrani. (straight) from the ~'s mouth (of tips, advice, information) halisi, toka kwa mwenyewe/ mhusika. 2 (collective sing) askari wapanda farasi ~ and foot askari wapanda farasi na wa miguu. ~ artillery n mizinga inayovutwa na farasi. 3 kiango, kitegemezi, farasi a clothes ~ kiango cha kuanikia nguo a towel ~ kiango cha kutundikia taulo. 4 (compounds) ~back n. (only in) on ~back mgongoni mwa farasi. ~box n gari la kubebea farasi. ~ breaker n mfunga farasi. ~droppings/dung n samadi/mavi ya farasi. ~flesh n nyama ya farasi; (pl) farasi. ~fly n nzi mkubwa (asumbuaye farasi/ ng'ombe). ~hair n manyoya (ya shingo/mkia) ya farasi. ~laugh n kikwakwa, kicheko cha kukwaruza na cha kelele. ~man n mpanda farasi (hasa bingwa). ~manship n ubingwa wa kupanda farasi. ~meat n nyama ya farasi. ~ play n mchezo wenye ghasia na kelele. ~pond n bwawa la farasi la kuogea na kunywa maji. ~power n (hp) nguvu farasi. ~ race n mashindano ya mbio za farasi. ~ sense n busara ya kawaida. ~ shoe n njumu/kiatu cha farasi; (kitu) -enye umbo la kiatu cha farasi a ~ shoe desk dawati lenye umbo la kiatu cha farasi. ~ whip n mjeledi/kiboko cha farasi. ~ woman n mwanamke     hot   mpanda farasi. horsy adj 1 -a kupenda farasi. 2 -a kuhusu farasi. hortative adj (formal) -a kuonya; -a kutia moyo/kuhimiza. horticulture n kilimo cha bustani, ukulima wa bustani. horticultural adj. horticulturalist n mkulima wa bustani. hosanna n int hosana (tamko) la kumsifu Mungu au kumwabudu). hose1 n mpira wa maji (wa kunyweshea bustani au kuzimia moto). ~pipe n bomba la mpira. vt 1 ~ (down) nywesha/mwagilia maji (bustani n.k.). 2 safisha (motokaa n.k.) kwa kutumia bomba la mpira. hose2 n (collective, as pl) soksi. hosier n mwuza soksi, nguo za ndani. hosiery n bidhaa za mwuza soksi, fulana n.k. hospice n 1 nyumba ya kupumzikia wasafiri. 2 hospitali ya wagonjwa mahututi. hospitable adj -karimu. hospitably adv. hospitality n ukarimu. hospital n hospitali. hospitalize vt laza mgonjwa hospitalini. host1 n 1 wingi. 2 (arch) jeshi. host2 n 1 mwenyeji, (mwenye kukaribisha wageni). 2 mwenye hoteli reckon without one's ~ fanya mipango bila mawasiliano na wanaohusika. 3 (bio) kimelea. ~ess n mwenyeji wa kike mhudumu wa kike. air ~ mhudumu wa kike katika ndege. Host n hostia: Mkate Mtakatifu. hostage n 1 kole, mateka. 2 give ~s to fortune fanya uamuzi unaoweza kudhuru baadaye. hostel n hosteli, dahalia youth ~ hosteli ya vijana. ~ry n (arch) hoteli. hostile adj -a uadui, -a uhasama, -enye uadui. ~ly adv. hostility n 1 uadui, uhasama. 2 (pl) vita. hot adj 1 -enye joto, -a moto it's ~ today leo kuna joto I like ~ tea napenda chai ya moto. be in/get     hot   into ~ water -wa matatani, aibika. be/get ~ under the collar kasirika/ pandwa mori. make a place/make it too ~ for somebody (fig) fanyia mtu visa mpaka ahame. 2 -kali this curry is ~ mchuzi huu ni mkali. 3 -a hasira; -a kisirani; -kali. he has a ~ temper ana hasira; mkali. be ~ on the trail of somebody/on somebody's tracks karibia windo (kinachofuatiwa). 4 (in hunting) (harufu) kali, bichi. 5 (of music, esp jazz) motomoto. 6 (sl) (of stolen goods) -sioweza kuuzwa hadharani, bomu. 7 (as adv) sasa. blow ~ and cold (fig) yumbayumba (katika uamuzi), shindwa kuwa na uamuzi. give it to somebody ~ adhibu/ karipia vikali. 8 -enye nyege. 9 (special use with nouns and particles) ~ air n maneno matupu/ ahadi za uongo. ~bed n tuta lenye mbolea au samadi, la kuotesha mboga; (fig) mahali penye maovu (mabaya, fitina) mengi. ~blooded n -enye harara (ya moyo), -a hamaki. ~ cross bun n keki yenye alama ya msalaba (inayoliwa Ijumaa Kuu). ~ dog n soseji katika mkate. ~foot adv kwa bidii, enda upesi. ~gospeller n (colloq) mhubiri mwenye mhemko/bidii sana; ~head n mkaidi; mkali. ~ headed adj -enye harara, -kali; -kaidi. ~house n kibanda (agh. cha kioo) cha kuoteshea maua na matunda. ~ line n simu ya moja kwa moja kati ya wakuu wa serikali mbalimbali. ~ money n mfuko wa fedha unaopelekwa mahali penye kupata riba kubwa. ~ news n habari motomoto. ~plate n kisahani cha jiko, jiko la kisahani kimoja. ~ potato n (fig) (colloq) jambo gumu au lisilopendeza kushughulikia; suala nyeti. ~ rod n (US sl.) gari lenye; mbio kuzidi magari yote. the ~ seat n kiti cha umeme (cha kunyongea); (fig) hali ya mtu ambaye analazimika kuamua mambo hour   magumu (k.m. wakuu wa serikali). ~ spot n (colloq) sehemu yenye matatizo/fujo za kisiasa. ~ spring n chemchemi ya maji moto. ~stuff n (sl) mtu/kitu bora. ~tempered adj -enye hasira. ~water-bottle n mpira wa majimoto. vt,vi ~ something up (colloq) pasha moto; (fig) iva; shikwa na harara. ~ly adv kwa harara, kwa hamaki. hotchpotch n mchanganyiko his article is a ~ of other people's ideas makala yake ni mchanganyiko wa mawazo ya wengine. hotel n hoteli. residential ~ n hoteli yenye makazi the ~ trade biashara ya hoteli. ~ier n mtunza hoteli. hottentot n 1 Mhotento/Mkhoisan (mtu mweusi wa kabila moja la Afrika Kusini). 2 Kikhoisan. hound n 1 mbwa mkubwa wa kuwindia follow the ~s winda na mbwa Master of H ~s Mkuu wa Uwindaji. 2 (dated, colloq) mtu mbaya, (mjuvi), fidhuli; duni, mshenzi. vt fukuza, winda na mbwa; fuatafuata, sumbua. hour n 1 saa a four ~s' journey mwendo wa saa nne. at the eleventh ~ katika dakika za mwisho. the small ~s usiku mkubwa/wa manane. ~glass n shisha. ~ hand n akrabu, mkono wa saa. 2 kipindi, muda, wakati wa siku come at an early ~ wahi, fika mapema they bother me at all ~s of the day and night wananisumbua wakati wote in the ~ of danger wakati wa hatari. 3 (pl) wakati agh wa kazi. work long ~s fanya kazi mchana kutwa. after ~s adv baada ya saa za kazi. out of ~s baada/nje ya saa za kawaida. keep good/bad/early/late/regular ~s amka/lala, anza/maliza kazi, ondoka/rudi nyumbani/mapema/ umechelewa. ~ly adj -a kila saa, -a kutokea (kufanyika) kila saa moja houri   adv baada ya kila saa, saa yoyote, wakati wowote. houri n hurulaini. house n 1 nyumba. get on like a~ on fire (of people) elewana haraka sana, fanya urafiki baada ya muda mfupi wa kufahamiana. under ~ arrest kuzuiliwa nyumbani. 2 (usu with a pref) kibanda, jengo, nyumba hen ~ kibanda cha kuku store~ ghala. ware~ n bohari. custom~ jengo la ushuru. the H~ of God n Nyumba ya Mungu, kanisa. ~ of cards n nyumba ya karata; (fig) mpango wa wasiwasi. ~ of ill fame (old use) danguro. on the ~ kwa gharama ya kilabu au kampuni. 3 bunge enter the H~ chaguliwa kuwa mbunge. 4 keep a good ~ fadhili/kimu nyumba vyema. keep open ~ -wa tayari kupokea wageni nyumbani wakati wowote, -wa mkarimu. set/put one's ~ in order nyoosha mambo yako. 5 ukoo, jamaa agh. ya watawala. 6 (theatre) hadhira. bring down the ~/bring the ~ down shangiliwa sana na wote waliopo. 7 (compounds) ~ agent n wakala wa nyumba. ~boat n mashua nyumba, mastakimu. ~bound adj -liozuiliwa nyumbani. ~ breaker (US ~wrecker) n jambazi (avunjaye nyumba ili aibe); mtu anayeajiriwa kubomoa majumba. ~coat n koti la nyumbani. ~craft n maarifa ya utunzaji wa nyumba. ~dog n mbwa mlinzi/anayelinda nyumba. ~ father/mother n mlezi wa makazi ya watoto. ~ flag n bendera ya shirika la meli. ~fly n nzi. ~ful n nyumba iliyojaa (watu). ~hold n kaya. ~hold guards n watumishi/ wanajeshi wa mfalme. ~hold word n neno/jina litumikalo na wengi. ~holder n mwenyeji, mwenye nyumba. ~keeper n msimamizi/ mtunzaji wa nyumba. ~lights n taa za sinema (n.k.). ~maid n mhudumu wa nyumbani. ~ maid's     how   knee n uvimbe wa goti. ~man n (GB) daktari msaidizi wa mtaalam akaaye hospitali. ~master n mwalimu mlezi wa bweni. ~ party n wageni wa siku kadhaa shambani. ~ physician n daktari akaaye hospitali. ~proud adj -enye fahari kubwa ya kutunza nyumba. ~room n nafasi. ~sparrow n shorewanda. ~ surgeon n daktari mpasuaji akaaye hospitali. ~ top n (chiefly in) cry/publish/proclaim something from the ~tops tangaza hadharani. ~ trained adj (of domestic pets) -liofunzwa, -liofundishwa kuwa safi katika nyumba. ~ warming n sherehe ya kuhamia nyumba mpya. ~wife n mke afanyaye kazi za nyumbani. ~ wifely adj -a kuhusu mke afanyaye kazi za nyumbani. ~wifery n kazi za mke wa nyumbani. ~work n kazi za nyumbani. vt 1 -pa nyumba, karibisha. 2 weka/hifadhi vitu (agh. vyombo na vitabu) n makazi. housing association shirika la kujenga na kugawa nyumba (bila kupata faida). housing estate eneo la nyumba za kupanga au kuuz(w)a. hove pt, pp of heave. hovel n kibanda kibovu. hover vi 1 vinjari, zungukazunguka angani the helicopter ~ed over the airport helikopta ilizungukazunguka juu ya uwanja wa ndege. ~craft n hovakrafti: chombo kiendacho majini na nchi kavu kwa kuelea juu ya hewa. 2 (of persons) ngojea. (fig) ~ between life and death karibia kifo. how adv 1 jinsi (gani); namna gani; je; kwa vipi ~ is the car driven? gari linaendeshwa namna gani? ~ did they catch you? walikukamata namna gani/walikukamataje? ~'d ye do n (colloq) vurumai, hali ya mambo ni shaghalabaghala. 2 kiasi     howdah   gani, -ngapi ~ much? kiasi gani? ~ old are you una umri gani?/una miaka mingapi? And H~! naam! Sawa! Na kweli! 3 (introducing an indirect statement) jinsi, he told me ~ he had been mistaken for a thief alinieleza jinsi alivyodhaniwa kuwa ni mwizi. 4 (in exclamations!) ~ intelligent he is! ana akili kama nini! 5 (in asking for opinion etc.) ~ is that una maoni gani? unaonaje? una maana gani? H~ come? kwa nini; vipi ~ come you are always late? kwa nini unachelewa kila wakati. H~ so kweli? kwa vipi? unaweza kuthibitisha kuwa hivyo ndivyo? H~ about going for a walk unaonaje tukitembea kidogo ~ do you find your new home? unayaonaje makazi yako mapya? ~ beit (conj. arch) hata hivyo. ~ever adv kwa hali yoyote, hata kama I will never agree ~ ever hard you try to persuade me sitakubali kwa hali yoyote/hata unishawishi namna gani conj hata hivyo. ~soever adv kwa hali yoyote. howdah n (Ind) kiti chenye mwavuli (kilichofungwa mgongoni mwatembo). howitzer n mzinga wa masafa mafupi. howl n 1 mlio mkali (agh. wa mbwa mwitu). 2 kilio cha maumivu makali.3 (of amusement) kikwakwa. 4 (of wind) mvumo. vt,vi lia kwa ukelele (k.m. mbwa); (of wind) vuma; (with laughter) cheka kwa sauti kubwa. ~ down zomea, zima ~ down the lecturer zima mhadhiri. ~er n kosa la kijinga; kichekesho. ~ing adj (sl) sana, mno, -a wazi, tupu it was a ~ing injustice ulikuwa uonevu wa wazi kabisa. a ~ing shame n aibu kubwa sana/tupu. hoyden n jikedume, msichana mjeuri/ shupavu. ~ish adj. hub n hebu: kitovu cha gurudumu;     hullo   (fig) kitovu cha shughuli (agh. biashara n.k.). hubble-bubble n buruma. hubbub n makelele, ghasia, zahama. hubby n (GB) (colloq) mume hubris n (Gk) kujiona, kiburi, kujivuna. huckaback n kitambaa kigumu cha kutengenezea taulo. huckster n mchuuzi. huddle vt,vi 1 songa; songamana; songana, banana. 2 ~ up against banana, jibana na. 3 rundika. n rundo, chungu, mkusanyiko (wa vitu au watu). be in/go in a ~ (colloq) (of persons) kutana pembeni/faragha. hue1 n rangi. ~d adj (in compounds) -enye rangi. hue2 n (only in) ~ and cry n makelele (agh ya kufukuza mwizi au kutoridhika) raise a ~ cry piga makelele. huff1 n hasira, chuki. be in/get into a ~ nuna, -wa na shonde. ~ish; ~y adj -enye kuchukia upesi. huff2 vi pumua kwa nguvu, tweta. hug vt 1 kumbatia. 2 (fig) ng'ang'ania, shikilia ~ old beliefs ng'ang'ania imani za zamani. 3 ~ the shore (of a ship) ambaa pwani. 4 ~ oneself (with pleasure/ delight) over something jawa na furaha, jipongeza n kumbatio. huge adj -kubwa mno. ~ly adv. ~ness n. hugger-mugger n vurugu; siri adj -enye vurugu; -a siri adv kwa vurugu; kwa siri. hula n hula: dansi/ngoma kama nachi ya wenyeji wa Hawaii. hulk n 1 (old ship) chombo cha zamani (kitumiwacho kama stoo, zamani kilitumiwa kama jela); meli ya ovyo. 2 jitu la ovyo, kubwa (na jinga). hull n ganda, kumvi. vt menya kumvi, ambua, goboa. hullabaloo n ghasia, makelele. hullo (also hallo, hello) interj 1 aisee!,     hum   halo! 2 (in answering a telephone) hum vi 1 vuma (kama nyuki); imba (hali midomo imefungwa). ~ming bird n ndege mvumaji. ~ming top n pia. 2 pamba moto, changamka. 3 (sl) nuka. 4 (usu ~ and haw/ha (colloq)) uma ulimi, sitasita katika kusema. n mvumo. human adj 1 -a binadamu, -a watu ~ rights haki za binadamu. 2 -enye ubinadamu, -enye utu. ~ly adv. ~e adj -ema, -enye huruma, pole. ~eness n. ~ism n 1 elimu ya ubinadamu (inayohusu binadamu kwanza na mahitaji yake kuliko misingi ya dini). 2 utu, moyo wa kupenda watu. 3 sanaa (karne 14-16) yenye misingi ya Ugiriki na Urumi. ~ist n mwanafunzi/mfuasi wa elimu ya ubinadamu, mpenda utu; mwanafunzi wa sanaa ya Ugiriki/Urumi adj -a ubinadamu. ~itarian adj -a hisani, -a fadhila, -a huruma. n mfadhili, mwanahuruma. ~itarianism n. ~ity n 1 binadamu. 2 ubinadamu. 3 huruma, wema, utu. 4 the ~ities sayansi za jamii. ~ize vt fanya/kuwa binadamu; staarabisha; fanya -a utu. ~kind n wanadamu, walimwengu. humble adj 1 -nyenyekevu, -enye soni, -siyetaka makuu eat ~ pie omba radhi (kupita kiasi), piga magoti; jidhalilisha. 2 (of persons) -a chini, -nyonge, -siokuwa muhimu; (of things) -a kimaskini, duni a ~ occupation kazi duni. vt dunisha, shusha hadhi, dhalilisha. humbly adv. humbug n 1 unafiki; ghiliba, ulaghai. 2 mnafiki; laghai, ayari (GB) gubiti interj upuuzi. vt laghai, danganya ~ somebody into doing something ghilibu mtu atende jambo. humdinger n (US sl) mtu/kitu kilicho bora au cha ajabu. humdrum adj -a kuchusha; -a kawaida. humerus n (pl) muungabega.     hung   humid adj (esp of air, climate) -enye unyevunyevu. ~ify vt fanya nyevu. ~ity n unyevu. humiliate vt aibisha, fedhehesha; shushia/vunjia hadhi, dhalilisha. humiliation n aibu, fedheha. humility n unyenyekevu. hummock n kilima kidogo, kiduta. ~y adj. humour, (US humor) n 1 kichekesho, uchekeshaji, ucheshi sense of ~ ucheshi the book has a lot of ~ kitabu kina vichekesho vingi. 2 hali ya mtu he is in a good ~ yu mchangamfu, yu mkunjufu he is not in the ~ for playing with the children hana moyo wa kucheza na watoto. out of ~ kutojisikia mkunjufu, kutofurahi, kusonona. 3 ridhisha, kubalia ~ a patient ridhisha mgonjwa (kwa kutimiza matakwa yake). ~ist n mchekeshaji, chale. ~ous adj. ~ously adv. hump n 1 kibyongo (of a cow, camel etc.) nundu. ~back n mtu mwenye kibyongo. ~backed adj -enye kibyongo, -enye nundu. 2 kero, hasira; mfadhaiko. have/give somebody the ~ (sl) kera/kereka vt ~ (up) bong'oa, pinda. humph int mmh! sauti ya kuonyesha wasiwasi/kutoridhika. humus n mboji. hunch n 1 kipande kinene; kibyongo; nundu .~backed n -enye kibyongo. 2 have a ~ that (colloq) fikiri/hisi kwamba. vt ~ (up) bong'oa, pinda. hundred n adj mia two ~ mia mbili ~s mamia ~s of people mamia ya watu in ~s kwa mamia a ~ and one mno a ~ to one kwa bahati sana. a ~fold adj -a mara mia adv kwa mia adj -a mia, -a sehemu mia kwa moja. n sehemu mia kwa moja. ~weight n ratili mia na kumi na mbili. ~th n, adj sehemu moja ya mia; -a mia. hung pt,pp of hang.     hunger   hunger n 1 njaa. be/go on (a) ~ strike goma kula (kwa sababu ya kupinga/kudai kufunguliwa. ~ march n maandamo ya wasio na kazi kutangaza mateso yao.~marcher n. 2 hamu, tamaa, shauku a ~ for love hamu ya mapenzi. vi ~ for tamani/taka sana. hungry adj 1 -enye njaa; -enye kuleta njaa. 2 (of soil, land) -sio na rutuba. 3 (fig) -enye shauku ~ for something -wa na shauku ya kitu fulani. hungrily adv. hunk n kipande kinene (hasa cha mkate). hunkers n pl (colloq) matako; mapaja. on one's ~ kwa kuchutama/chuchumaa. hunky-dory adj (sl) shwari; bora, -zuri. hunt n 1 a/the ~ kuwinda; mawindo. 2 msako, kutafuta the ~ for the criminals msako wa wahalifu. 3 (esp in GB) kundi la wawindaji (wa mbweha na paa) wanaotumia mbwa na farasi; mawindoni. ~ ball n sherehe rasmi ya wawindaji. ~er n mwindaji; farasi wa kuwindia. 4 saa ya mfukoni (yenye kifuniko cha chuma). ~ing n kuwinda, uwindaji. (attrib) ~ ing horn n baragumu la kuwinda. ~ing ground n (fig) mawindoni: mahali penye mategemeo ya mtu kupata anachokitafuta. happy ~ ing ground (joc) mbinguni. ~ress n (liter) mwanamke mwindaji. vi,vt 1 winda. 2 tafuta, saka. ~ for a lost pencil tafuta kalamu iliyopotea. ~ down saka, tafuta na pata ~ down a criminal saka mhalifu. ~ for/out/up tafuta. ~ out tafuta. 3 fukuza ~ the dog out fukuza mbwa. ~sman n 1 mwindaji. 2 kiongozi wa mbwa wa kuwindia. hurdle n 1 kiunzi (cha kufanyizia zizila muda n.k.). 2 kiunzi, (kinachorukwa katika mashindano ya mbio na ya farasi) ~ race mbio za kuruka viunzi. 3 (fig) kikwazo,     husk   jambo lililo gumu kufanywa. vt,vi 1 ~ off tenga kwa viunzi. 2 ruka viunzi. ~r n mtengeneza viunzi; mruka viunzi. hurdy-gurdy n kinanda, (agh hupigwa kwa kuzungusha mkono). hurl vt tupa kwa nguvu, vurumisha. n mtupo wa nguvu; kutupa kwa nguvu. hurling n mchezo wa Ireland unaofanana na mpira wa magongo. hurly-burly n makelele, fujo, ghasia, vurumai. hurrah interj mlio wa shangwe (wa kushangilia); riboribo! shangalia. hurricane n tufani, kimbunga ~lamp/lantern kandili, fanusi, taa ya chemni. hurry n 1 haraka. in a ~ haraka haraka. don't ~ usifanye haraka be in a ~ -wa na haraka. 2 mapema, hivi karibuni I won't go there again in a ~ sitaenda tena pale hivi karibuni. vt,vi harakisha, fanya haraka. ~ away enda/ ondoka haraka. ~ up fanya haraka, harakisha. hurried adj -liofanywa kwa haraka; -enye haraka. hurriedly adv. hurt vt,vi 1 umiza; dhuru; uma, wanga. 2 (of feelings) tia uchungu, sononesha. 3 (bad effect) leta madhara. n 1 maumivu; madhara. ~ful adj -enye kuumiza; -a kudhuru; -enye kutia uchungu. hurtle vi enda, ruka kwa mbio sana; vurumishwa. husband n mume. vt hifadhi, tumia kwa uangalifu ~ one's strength hifadhi nguvu. ~man n (old use) mkulima. ~ry n ukulima animal ~ ufugaji. hush vt, vi nyamaa, nyamaza, nyamazisha. H~! Nyamaza! kimya! ~ something up ficha, fanya iwe siri. n a/the ~ ukimya; utulivu. ~ money n (pesa) kifunga mdomo. ~-~ adj (colloq) -a siri sana. husk n ganda, kapi, kumvi, kumbi. vt     hussar   koboa, ambua; fua. ~y adj 1 kavu kama kapi. 2 (of voice) -a mikwaruzo, -liopwelea. 3 (of a person) (colloq) kipande. n 1 mbwa wa Kieskimo. 2 kipande cha mtu. ~ily adv. ~iness n. hussar n askari mpanda farasi, askari wa farasi. hussy n mwanamke asiye na maana/ thamani; msichana mjeuri/mjuvi. hustings n (pl) the ~ kampeni ya uchaguzi (hotuba, mabango n.k.). hustle vt,vi 1 songa, sukumiza, sukuma, harakisha (kwa mkukumkuku). 2 (esp US) (colloq) laghai, uza/pata kitu kwa nguvu (hasa kwa kudanganya). 3 (US sl) -wa malaya. n (sing only) mkukumkuku Manzese bus stop was a scene of ~ and bustle kituo cha basi cha Manzese kilikuwa mahala pa mkukumkuku. ~r n 1 pwaguzi, laghai. 2 (US sl) malaya. hut n kibanda. ~ment n ago/kambi la vibanda. ~ted adj. hutch n tundu, kirimba, kizimba (hasa cha sungura). hybrid adj mahuluti. ~ maize n mahindi mahuluti. n 1 chotara. 2 (bio) mvyauso. ~ize vt vyausa, zalisha chotara. ~ization n uvyausaji. hydra (myth) n haidra: joka kubwa labaharini lenye vichwa vingi. hydrant n bomba la maji (la mtaani linaloweza kutumika kuzima moto, kusafisha barabara n.k.). hydrate n (chem) haidreti: chumvi maji. vt,vi changanya kemikali na maji. hydraulic adj haidroli: -nayoendeshwa kwa maji/kioevu. hydraulics n pl haidroliki: sayansi ya matumizi ya maji kupata nishati. hydro pref haidro -a kuhusiana na maji, -a maji. ~electric adj -a umeme wa nguvu za maji. ~foil, ~ plane n boti mpao. ~logy n haidrolojia: sayansi ya maji. ~meter n haidromita: chombo cha  hypocrisy   kupimia uzito wa maji na viowevu. ~pathy n utabibu kwa kutumia maji. ~phobia n 1 kalabi: ugonjwa wa kushindwa kunywa maji kwa sababu ya koo kujikaza; ugonjwa wa kichaa cha mbwa. 2 woga wa maji. ~phyte n kimeamaji (k.m. mpunga, majimbi). ~phitic adj -a majini. ~tropism n uelekeomaji. ~ponics n haidroponi: sayansi ya kuotesha mimea kwenye maji. ~us adj -a majimaji. ~gen n haidrojeni. ~ gen bomb (also H -bomb) bomu la haidrojeni. ~carbon n haidrokaboni. ~chloric adj. -a haidrokloriki. ~electric umeme wa nguvu za maji, -a hyena, hyaena n fisi. hygiene n elimusiha; usafi. hygienic adj -a afya, -a kuleta afya, -a bila vijidudu vya maradhi. hygienically adv. hymen n kizinda. hymn n wimbo wa kidini (wa kumsifu Mungu). vt tukuza Mungu kwa kuimba. ~al n kitabu cha nyimbo za dini. hyper pref -a zaidi, -a kupita kiasi. ~bole n mbalagha: kutia chumvi sana katika kuelezea kitu. ~bolic adj. ~critical adj -enye kukosoa mno, -enye kuhakiki mno, -enye kutafuta makosa. ~market n duka kuu (lenye eneo kubwa na aina zote za bidhaa agh nje ya mji). hyphen n kistariungio (-). vt (also ~ate) unganisha na kistari ungio. hypnosis n kiinimacho; hiponozi: hali ya kuwa kama katika usingizi mzito ambapo mtu anaweza kukuamrisha na wewe ukatenda bila kujijua. hypnotic adj. hypnotism n. hypnotize vt laza/pumbaza akili. hypnotist n mtu apumbazaye akili. hypochondrial n kunyong'onyea; unyong'onyevu, ulegevu wa moyo (hasa wa kuona mashaka juu ya afya). hypochondriac adj, n. hypocrisy n unafiki, uzandiki.  hypodermic  hypocrite n mzandiki, mnafiki. hypocritical adj. hypocritically adv. hypodermic adj (of drugs etc) -a chini ya ngozi. ~ syringe n sindano ya kuingiza chini ya ngozi n dawa ya kuingiza chini ya ngozi. hypotenuse n kiegana: upande mrefu wa pembetatu, -enye pembe mraba. hypothesis n nadharia tete. hypothetical adj -a nadharia tete; -a kubuni, -sio na uhakika. hysteria n 1 umanyeto, mpagao. 2 mpwitompwito (wa jumla), jazba. hysterical adj. hysterically adv.

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INSTITUTE OF KISWAHILI RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM, P. O. Box 35110, DAR-ES-SALAAM, TANZANIA.

©Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili (TUKI) 2000 Second Edition 2000
ISBN 9976 911 29 7
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